ML24053A095
| ML24053A095 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 03/24/2015 |
| From: | Steven Garry NRC/NRR/DRA |
| To: | |
| References | |
| Download: ML24053A095 (1) | |
Text
Nuclear Plant Effluents Webinar March 24, 2015 Steve Garry, CHP NRR Sr. Health Physicist, Radiation Protection and Consequences Branch Division of Risk Assessment Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Effluent Monitoring
- Each plant monitors discharges of:
- Tritium - normal discharges
- Effluent Reports - 3 types
- Individual plant reports (prepared by each plant)
- Summary reports (prepared by NRC)
- All reports posted on the NRC public web site 2
NRCs public web site:
http://www.nrc.gov Click on NUCLEAR REACTORS 3
Click on Operating Reactors 4
Click on Operational Experience 5
Click on Groundwater Contamination (Tritium) 6
7 Click on Radioactive Effluent and Environmental Reports
- Click on your nuclear plant, or
- click on Radioactive Effluent Summary Report (by year) 8
Click on Catawbas Radioactive Effluent Reports: 2013 9
Catawba Letter to NRC (this is a pdf file, so you scroll instead of clicking) 10
Catawba effluent data - 2013 How to read exponential notation?
2.06E+01 is read by moving decimal 1 digit to the right so 2.06E+1 Ci is really 20.6 Ci, where Ci is curies. Curies is 37 million transformations per second.
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NRC Effluent Summary Reports
- NRC prepares Radioactive Effluent Summary Reports for each calendar year
- The link to these annual reports is provided on NRC web site
- So we return to NRC web page for Radioactive Effluent and Environmental Reports
- Click on last line, the Radioactive Effluent Summary Report 12
Click on the Radioactive Effluent Summary Reports by year 13
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NUREG/CR-2907 (now in a pdf file, so clicking doesnt work) 15
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Long-term Trend in Gases 17
Long-term Trends in Liquids 18
Catawba Noble Gas Effluents 19
Catawba Liquid Effluents
- Routine, planned tritium releases 20
21 Typical Nuclear Plant Effluents (2010 Data)
Gases Effluents
- Tritium
- Noble gas
- C-14
- Iodine
- Particulates Liquid Effluents
- Tritium
- Iodine
- Particulates
- Noble gas
- C-14 BWRs 25 Ci (191 max) 11 Ci (450 max) 12 Ci (18 max) 1 mCi (20 max) 0.2 mCi (6.6 max) 5 Ci (150 max) 0.01 mCi (0.4 max) 0.5 mCi (40 max)
None None PWRs 32 Ci (1190 max) 0.5 Ci (207 max) 8.5 Ci (13 max) 0.002 mCi (2 max) 0.002 mCi (0.4 max) 568 Ci (1700 max) 0.003 mCi (10 max) 0.01 mCi (0.12 max)
Radiation Dose to the Public National Council on Radiation Protection 22
Radiation Dose 23
NUREG-CR/2907 Catawba - Gaseous Doses Maximum Exposed Individual 7.70E-1 is 0.77 mrem (compared to 620 mrem from all sources) 24
Catawba - Liquid Doses Maximum Exposed Individual 2.51E-02 is 0.0251 mrem (compared to 620 mrem from all sources) 25
Tritium Leaks Many plants have had leaks - see list below
- Nuclear plants monitor for tritium leaks into ground water
- Each plants groundwater tritium results are provided in their annual effluent or environmental reports
- NRC publishes the historical and current maximum values for each plant on the NRC public web page 26
List of Leaks and Spills
- 6 month updates published on NRC web site
- 45 sites have had > 20,000 pCi/L
- 15 sites currently have > 20,000 pCi/L 27
List of Tritium Leaks:
Click on Plant Sites with Licensed Radioactive Material in Groundwater (i.e., list of plants with tritium leaks) 28
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Groundwater Tritium
- Comparison Values
- EPA drinking water at faucet (tap): 20,000 pCi/L = 4 mrem
- EPA 40 CFR 190 public dose limit:
= 25 mrem
- NRC in surface waters:
= 50 mrem 30
Catawba effluent report 31
Catawba tritium data 1 pCi/L is extremely small, 1 part in a million times a million or 1 part in 1,000,000,000,000 2.35E+02 is 235 pCi/L 1.05E+03 is 1,050 pCi/L EPA drinking water is 20,000 pCi/L 32
Questions and Discussion
?
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