ML17317A752

Amend 8 to Lic DPR-74 Re Deicing Measurements,Water Chemistry in Plant Sys,Chemical Discharges,Thermal Discharge Surveillance,Groundwater Monitioring & Termination of Biota Monitoring

ML17317A752
Person / Time
Site:	Cook
Issue date:	11/08/1978
From:	Schwencer A Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:
Shared Package
ML17317A751	List: ML17317A750 ML17317A752 ML17317A753 ML17331A135
References
NUDOCS 7811270020
Download: ML17317A752 (96)

Text

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'NITEDSTATES 1

NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D. C. 20555 INDIANA AND MICHIGAN ELECTRIC COMPANY INDIANA AND MICHIGAN POWER COMPANY

,t DOCKET NO. 50-316 DONALD C.

COOK NUCLEAR PLANT UNIT NO.

2 AMENDMENT TO FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE f.'

Amendment No.

8 License No.

DPR-74 1.

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the Commission) has found that:

A.

The applications for amendment by Indiapa and Michigan Electric Company and Indiana 8 Michigan Power Company

( the licensees) dated March 1,

1978, comply with the standards and require-ments of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended

( the Act),

and the Commission's rules and regulations set forth in 10 CFR Chapter I; C.

The facility will operate in conformity with the application, the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission; There is reasonable assurance (i) that the activities author-ized by this amendment can be conducted without endangering the health and safety of the public, and (ii) that such activities will be conducted in compliance with the Commission's regulations; D.

The issuance of this amendment will not be inimical to the common defense and security or to the health and safety of the public; and E.

The issuance of this amendment is in accordance with 10 CFR Part 51 of the Commission's regulations and all applicable requirements have been satisfied.

2.

Accordingly, the license is amended by changes to the Technical Specifications as indicated in the attachment to this license amendment, and paragraph 2.C(2) of Facility, Operating License No.

DPR-74 is hereby amended to read as follows:

0 l,

(2) Technical S ecification The Technical Specifications contained in Appendices A and B, as revised through Amendment No.

8

, are hereby incorporated in the license.

The licensees shall operate the fac'ility in accordance with.the Technical Specificatioris.

3.

This license amendment is effective as of the date of its issuance.

FOR THE NU LEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

.A; Schwencer, Chief Operating Reactors Branch 81 Division of Operating Reactors

Attachment:

Changes to the Technical Specifications Date of Issuance:

November 8, 1978

ATTACHMENT TO LICENSE AMENDMENT NOS.

26 AND FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE NOS.

DPR-58 AND DPR-74 DOCKET NOS.

50-215 AND 50-216 Revise Appendix B as follows:

Remove 111 1V 1.1-1 2.1-1 2.1-2 2.1-4 2.2-1

'02-3 2.2-4 2.2-5 2.2-5a 2.2-6 2 ~ 3 1

2.4-3 2.4-8 2.4-18 3.1-1, 3.2-1, 3.3-1 3 ~ 3 2 4.1 4.1-36 4.2-10 5.4-2 5.4-6

'nsert ill lv 1.1-1 2.1-1 2.1-2 2.1-4 2.2-1 2 ~ 2 2

2 ~ 2 3

2. 3-1 2.4-3 2.4-8 2.4-18 3.1-1 4.1 4.1-39 4.2-9 ~q g 5.4-2 5.4-2a 5.4-6 5.4-7

r 0

, ~

IP

Table of Contents (Cont'd I 1.17 Thermal Limits

~Pa e

l. 1-4 1.17.1

l. 17. 2 1.17. 3 Intake Water Temperature Discharge...

Condenser Outlet..

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1. 1-4

1. 1-4

l. 1-4

l. 18 Instrumentation Properties

1. 18.

1 Accuracy.

1. 18. 2 Sensi tivity......,..

1.18.3 Minimum Detectable Level

l. 1-4 1.1-4

l. 1-4

l. 1-4 2

LIMITING CONDITIONS FOR OPERATION....

II.

2. 1 Thermal

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2. 1-1

2. 1-1

2. l. 1 Maximum Condenser GT and Maximum Discharge Temperature During Deicing.

2. 1.2 Rate of Change of Discharge Temperature:...

2. 1.3 Deicing Operation..

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2. 1-1

2. 1 "3

2. 1-4 2.2 Chemical..

2.2.1 Chlorine...

2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 3

(DELETED)

Specifications Specifications and Monitoring.

Specifications Specifications and Monitoring.

Specifications and Disposal.

for Liquid Waste Effluents....,....

for Liquid Waste Sampling for Gaseous Waste Effluents.....

~..

for Gaseous Waste'Sampling for Solid Waste'Handling 2 ~ 3 Hydraulic................................

2.4 Radioactive Effluents

2. 2-1

2. 2-1

2. 3" 1

2. 4-1

2. 4-1

2. 4-2

2. 4-6

2. 4-8

2. 4. 12

+

W Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

- Amendment No." 8, Unit 2

a 0

Table of Contents (Cont'd 4

ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE.. ~..........

4. 1 Ecological Surveillance........

4. 1.

1 Abi otic Pacae

4. 1-1

4. 1-1

4. 1-1 4.1.1.2 4.1.1. 3 4.1.1.4 4.1.1. 5 4.1.1.6

4. 1. 1. 7 Thermal Characteristics Erosion.

Scour Studies Groundwater.

Corrosion Products Other Chemical Discharges

4. 1-1

4. 1-7

4. 1-8

4. 1-9 4.1-13 4.1-15 4.1. 2.

4. 1. 2.

4.1. 2.

4. l. 2.

1.1 General Ecological Survey...

1.2 Impingement Studies of Fish.

1.3 Study of Plankton,

Benthos, and Fish Egg Entrainment....

1.4 Visual Observation of the Intake and Discharge Structure Areas.............

4.1. 2. 3 Land Management...

4.1.2.4 Statistical Methods for Sampling and Data Analysis 4.2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring.

5 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS...

5.1 r5. 1 5.3 5.4 5.5 Organization, Review and Audit Action To Be Taken If a Limiting Condition for Operation is Exceeded..

Procedures Plant Reporting Requirements Records Retention..

4.1.2 Biotic

.1.2.1 Aquatic..............

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4.1-18 4.1-18 4.1-18 4.1-31 4.1-32 4.1-34 4.1-36 4.1-37

4. 2-1

5. 1-1

5. 1-1

5. 2-1

5. 3-1

5. 4-1

5. 5-1 iv Amendment No. 26, Unit,l Amendment No.

8; Unit 2

II A

1

1 DEFINITIONS The following terms are defined for uniform interpretation of these specifi-cations.

1. 1 ABNORMAL ENVIRONMENTAL OCCURRENCE AEO)

An abnormal environmental occurrence is one that:

l. l. 1 1.1.2 Results in noncompliance pith, or is in violation of, the specifica-tions section of a limiting condition for operation (section 2).

Results in uncontrolled or unplanned release of chemical, radio-active, thermal, or other discharges from the Donald C.

Cook Nuclear Plant in excess of the applicable regulations of governing agencies, or

l. 1

~ 3 Results in a significant adverse environmental impact.

1. 2 ABSORPTION FIELD I

The area where plant waste water which includes sewage plant effluent is discharged on the ground and absorbed into it with no surface water runoff.

This area is shown as sanitary waste ponds and process waste pond in Figure

4. 1. 1. 5-1.

1. 3 AMBIENT LAKE WATER TEMPERATURE The temperature of the water in the upper one meter in the vicinity of the Plant in the absence of any influence of Plant Operation.

1.4 APPARENT AVERAGE MONTHLY GROWTH Used with periphyton.

The average of replicate monthly samples of"periphyton growth.

Essentially an esti'mate of net productivity minus some loss by wave action and grazing by herbivores.

~UTIC LIFE 1.5.

1 Benthos - macroscopic aquatic invertebrate animals living on or in the sediment.

1.5.2 Macrophyte rooted aquatic plant.

1.1-1

'I Amen/ment (o. 2), Unjt )

O.

2 LIMITING CONDITIONS FOR OPERATION

2. 1 THERMAL 2.1.1 MAXIMUM CONDENSER BT AND MAXIMUM DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE DURING, DEICING 2.1.1.1

~0b ective The purpose of this specification is to limit the thermal stress to which aquatic organisms will be subjected during the travel time through the con-denser outlet and to the point of discharge in the lake.

2.

1.

The maximum condenser bT shall not exceed 22 F +

1 F for Unit No.

1 and 17 F +

1 F for Unit No.

2 except as authorized in this specifica-tion.

2.

Under conditions of deicing, the discharge temperature for Unit No.

1 shall not exceed the smaller of 62 F or 24 F in excess of the intake temperature; the IIischarg~ temperature for Unit No'." 2 shall not exceed the smaller of 56 F or 18 F in excess of the intake temperature except as authorized in this specification.

During the estimated 1-hour period needed to stabilize deicing flow, these limits shall not apply.

3.

In the event.. any of the circulating water pumps for Unit No.

1 and/or Unit No.

2 is/are removed from service because of malfunction beyond control of the Plant operations, the Unit affected may continue to operate with a resultant condenser bT in excess of that specified in=

2. 1. 1. 2.

1 and 2. 1. 1. 2. 2 for no longer than 72 hours8.333333e-4 days <br />0.02 hours <br />1.190476e-4 weeks <br />2.7396e-5 months <br /> following pump shutdown; the maximum condenser bdI'during this 72-hour period for the unit affected shall not exceed 27 F for Unit No.

1 or 20 F for Unit No.

2.

All periods during which any circulating water pump is out of service because of malfunction shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

4.

In the'event the condenser It.T for either unit exceeds the above limits, action as required in 'sections 5.2 and 5.4.2.

1 will be immediately initiated to determine the cause.

Appropriate corrective action, in-cluding power reduction as required, shall be initiated to restore the temperature within limits.

Violations shall be reported as re-quired in Sections

5. 4. 2. 1 and 5. 4. l.

2.1-1 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

, Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

h Il

2.1.1.3 Monitorin Re uirements 1.

Intake and discharge temperatures for each unit shall be monitored by recording instrumentation.

The individual temperature points sh'all be recorded at least once every 2 minutes.

The accuracy of the individual measurements shall be at least

+ 1.0 F considering the overall accuracy of the thermocouple and the recsrder.

The sensitivity of the measuring circuit shall be 'at least

+ 0.2 F.

2.

If measurements cannot be made due to installed instrumentation system failure, intake and discharge temperatures shall be observed on thermometers or thermocouples located at thermowells located in the condenser water outlets and circulating water pump discharges.

The intake and discharge temperature and condenser bT shall be determined and recorded every hour for each unit.

Temperature instrument failures shall be corre'cted within 72 hours8.333333e-4 days <br />0.02 hours <br />1.190476e-4 weeks <br />2.7396e-5 months <br /> and automatic monitoring of temperature shall be resumed immediately.

2.

The installed instrumentation, employed for monitoring intake and dis-chsrge temperatures shall be alaped tlat indicate a bT greater than 22 F +

1 F for Unit No.

1 and 17 F +

1 F for Unit No.

2 during periods of no deicing.

During plant operation in the deicing mode, the in-stalled instrumentation employed for monitoring the intake and dis-charge temperature shall be alarmed either to indicate a condenser bT greater than 24 F for Unit No.

1 aed 18 F for Unit No. 2, IIr a di.s-charge temperature greater than 62 F for Unit No.

1 and 56 F for Unit No.

2.

2.1.1.4 Basis The maximum condenser hT is fixed by the plant design power level, the design of the turbine-condenser combination, and the c'irculating water flow rate.

Organisms will 'be subjected to the maximum'hT for the travel time from the condenser outlet to the discharge jet located in the lake.,

This is about 3 minutes.

Subsequent to discharge, there is a rapid reduction in.the. temperature of the discharged water due to entrainment of cooler lake ambient water by the discharge jet.

Condenser hT's for the deicing mode are 2

F and 1

F, respectively, higher for Unit No.

1 and Unit No.

2 than for normal operation in periods of no deicing because the flowrate is reduced from normal due to greater system pressure losses.

Allowing a 3

F increase in i"ntake temperature due to the intentional intake of warm water during operation in the deicing mode, the maximum discharge tempera)ure for Unit No.

1 at a 35 F

local lake ambient temperatur is 35+3+24=62 F and the maximum discharge temperature for Unit No.

2 is 35+3+18=56 F.

Mhen the local lake ambient 2.1-2 -'mendment No. 26, Unit 1

. Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

0

2. 1. 3 DEICING OPERATION 2.1.3.1

~0b ective The purpose of this specification is to limit possible adverse effects on the lake biota due to deicing operation, while allowing the prevention of ice buildup on the intake structural frames and trash grills.

2.1..2 1.

The deicing procedure of pumpiqg heated water on the offshore intake structure may only be initiated when the intake temperature is 35 F

or lower, or there is more than 1 foot of drawdown in the forebay (not caused by starting a pump).

3.

Operation of the deicing mode shall be recorded and reported in the annual Operating Reports.

The temperatIjre when deicing was initiated shall be reported as if it was above 35 F.

I Deicing shall be terminated when the intake temperature as measured at the circulating water pumps outlet is 36 F or higher for a period of 7 consecutive days.

4.

Violations shall be reported within 30 days as specified in Section

5. 4. 2. 1 and also in the annual Environmental Operating Report as specified in Section 5.4. 1.

2. 1. 3. 3 Monitorin Re uirements Recording of intake temperatures shall be as specified 'in Section

2. 1. 1.3.

2.1.3.4

. Basis The period when deicing is permitted is controlled to limit thermal stress to aquatic biota at times of the year when deicing operation is not required to maintain free flow of cooling water.

The temperature limitation for initiation of the deicing procedure is intended to minimize stress to the lake biota.

The criterion of an intake temperature of 35 F or lower prior to starting deicing was established to allow the plant operators sufficient latitude in initiating this operation since local lake temperatures can vary signi-ficantly in a relatively short period of time.

Also, it is known that the phenomenon of frazil ice buildup can occur at water, temperatures above 32 F.

Prevention of ice buildup rather than removal of ice is desirable,

since, once ice formation has been initiated, subsequent builup is rapid and there would be risk that flow would be interrupted or,.restricted.

2.1-4 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

0 t

The screenhouse forebay water level is automatically measured and trans-mitted to the control room to indicate possible icing conditions and effectiveness of deicing.

2. 2 CHEMICAL

2. 2. 1 CHLORINE 2.2.1.1

~0b ective The purpose of this specification is to limit potentially adverse effects on lake biota by limiting the release of chlorine to the aquatic environ-ment while inhibiting slime growth and subsequent impairment of heat transfer capability in the main condensers and ancillary heat exchangers.

2.2.

In the plant-discharge to the lake, the total residual chlorine shall not exceed

0. 1 ppm except, if the licensee selects option (b) of Section 2.2. 1.3, total chlorine residuals may exceed

0. 1 ppm for short perods during which supporting data are being collected.

At no time,

however, shall total chlorine residuals exceed 0.5 ppm at the lake discharge.

Chlorination shall be restricted to only one unit at any time.

The total time of chlorination shall not exceed l-l/2 hours per day, per unit.

Records of all periods of chlorination and all chlorine concentrations measured in water discharged to the lake during periods of experimentation sahll be included in the annual Operating Report.

Any violations shall be reported within 30 days as specified in Sections 5.4.2.

1 and 5.4. 1.

2. 2. l. 3 Monitorin Re uirements At the option of the licensee, the concentrations of the free and total residual chlorine discharged shall be (a) directly monitored or (b) cal-culated through the use of a method (to include indirect monitoring) that has been approved by the Re'gulatory staff.

In either case, a permanent record shall be kept of the monitoring results.

e If option (b) is selected, the calculation method and supporting data shall be submitted for approval by the Regulatory staff no later than 90 days after Unit No.

1 has accumulated 6 months operation at a power level greater than 50 percent.

Monitoring shall be done by the amperometric method or another method with equal or better accuracy.

If option (b) is selected, accuracy and sensitivity of the monitoring method and the accuracy of the method of

'.2-1 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

h

calculation shall be included in the supporting data submitted to the Regulatory staff at the time that approval of the calculation method is requested.

If option (a) is selected, the accuracy and sensitivity of the monitoring method shall be communicated to the Regulatory staff by the time the equipment is installed or the method is first used fol-

'lowing the effective date of the operating license.

For either option monitoring shall be either (i) continuous for all periods of chlorination or (ii) total chlorine concentrations deter-mined not less frequently than once each time each. unit is chlorinated.

This minimum-frequency determination shall be made when the total residual chlorine concentration is expected to be maximum.

The time of determination shall be selected by the licensee and submitted to the Regulatory staff for approval, together with supporting data.

2.2.1.4 Basis Based on an NRC staff review, the total chlorine concentration of 0. 1 ppm intermittently in the discharge from the Cook Nuclear Plant for no longer than l-l/2 hours per day from each unit is not expected to be damaging to the fish and fish-food organisms in Lake Michigan.

There is restriction against discharging chlorine from both units at the same time in order to limit the size of the dilution-reaction zone for chlorine near the point of discharge.

It is expected that, during chlortnation of either Unit, the level of chlorine at the discharge to the lake will be below that in the discharge from the condensers.

If the level in 'the discharge to the lake is to be known, it must be measured '(a) directly (requiring samp'ling at an im-practical and, at times, inaccessible location) or (b) at some upstream position (e. g., at a condenser outlet) and calculation"made of the loss of chlorine during passage from the point of samp'ling to the point of discharge.

The basis of the calculation must be confirmed with actual

data, probably on a periodic basis.

The actual chlorine feed rate must be established on the basis of pre-operational and operational testing.

If low levels of total chlorine residual'cannot inhibit slime growth, then either the limit on the level of chlorine at the discharge will have to be raised or alternative means of controlling slime growth will have to be employed.

2.2-2 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Pages 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2-5, 2.2-5a, 2.2-6, Deleted.

2.2-3

'mendment No. 26, Unit 1

'mendment No.

8, Unit 2

2. 3 HYDRAULIC See Section 4.1.

2. 3-1

':Amendment No. 26,'nit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Section 5.4 of these specifications.

Estimates of the samp'ling and analytical errors associated with each reported value shall be, included.

C.

Prior to release of each batch of liquid waste, a representative sample shall be taken from that batch and analyzed for the concentration of each significant gamma energy peak in accordance with Table 2.4-1 to demonstrate compliance with Specification 2.4.

1 using the flow rate of the stream into which. the waste is discharged during the period of discharge.

Sampling and analysis of liquid radioactive waste shall be performed in accordance with Table 2.4-1.

Prior to taking samples from a monitoring tank, at least two tank volumes shall be recirculated.

e.

The radioactivity in liquid wastes shall be continuously monitored during release.

Whenever these monitors are in-operable for a period not to exceed 72 hours8.333333e-4 days <br />0.02 hours <br />1.190476e-4 weeks <br />2.7396e-5 months <br />, two indepen-dent samples of each tank to be discharged shall be analyzed and two plant personnel shall independently check valving prior to the discharge.

If these monitors are in-operable for a period exceeding 72 hours8.333333e-4 days <br />0.02 hours <br />1.190476e-4 weeks <br />2.7396e-5 months <br />, no liquid waste tank shall be released and any release in progress shall be terminated.

The flow rate of liquid radioactive waste shal]

be measured during release.

f.

All liquid effluent radiation monitors shall be calibrated at least quarterly by means of a radioactive source which has been calibrated to a National Bureau of Standards source.

Each monitor shall also have a functional test monthly and an instru-ment check prior to* making a release.

g.

The radioactivity in steam generator blowdown shall be continu-ously monitored and recorded.

Whenever these monitors are in-

operable, the blowdown flow sha11 be diverted to the waste manage-ment system and the direct release to the environment terminated.

Bases:

The release of radioactive materials in liquid waste effluents to unrestricted areas shall not exceed the concentration limits specified in 10 CFR Part 20 and should be as low as practicable in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 50.36a.

2.4 3

,. Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

. Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

C.

C.

d.

(2)

(3)

If the average release rate of all iodines and radioactive materials in particulate form per site with half-lives greater than 8 days during any cal,endar quarter is:

7.3x lo g<>

1 6

If the amount of iodine-131 released during any calendar quarter is greater than 0.5 Ci/reactor.

During the release of gaseous wastes from the primary system waste gas holdup system the effluent monitors listed in Table 2.4-4 shall be operating and set to alarm and to initiate the automatic closure of the waste gas discharge valve prior to exceeding the limits specified in 2.4.3a, above.

The opera-bility of each automatic isolation valve shall be demonstrated quarterly.

e.

The maximum activi-ty to be contained in one waste gas storage tank shall not exceed 438,000 curies (considered as Xe-133).

2. 4. 4 S ecifications for Gaseous Maste Sam lin and Monitorin a ~

Plant records shall be maintained and reports of the sampling and analyses results shall be submitted in accordance with Section 5.4 of these Specifications.

Estimates of the sampling and analytical error associated with each reported value should be included.

b.

Gaseous releases to the environment, except from the turbine building ventilation exhaust and as noted in Specification 2.4.4. c, shall be continuously'onitored for gross radioactivity and the flow continuously measured and recorded.

Mhenever these monitors are inoperable, grab samples shall be taken and analyzed daily for gross radioactivity; If these monitors are inoperable for more than 7 days, these releases shall be terminated.

C.

During the release of gaseous wastes from the primary system waste gas holdup system, the gross activity monitor, the iodine collec-tion device, and the particulate collection device shall be

=

operating.

d.

"e.

All waste gas effluent monitors shall be calibrated at least quarterly by means of a known radioactive source which has been calibrated to a National Bureau of Standards source.

Each monitor shall have a functional test at least monthly and instrument check at least daily.

Sampling and analysis of radioactive material in gaseous

waste, particulate form, and radioiodine shall be performed in accordance with Table 2.4-2.

2.4 8 Amendme'nt No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Table 2.4-4 PWR-Gaseous Waste S stem LOCATION OF PROCESS AND EFFLUENT MONITORS AND SAMPLES RE UIRED BY TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Process Steam or Release Point Alarm Grab Auto Control to Continuous Sample Isolation Valve Monitor Station Measurement NG I

Part H-3

~Al ha CL'.

S 0 C+ C+

Waste Gas Storage Tanks""*

Condenser Air Ejector

-Vent Header System*

Building Ventilation Systems Reactor Containment Building (whenever there is flow)

Auxiliary Building*

- Fuel Handling 8 Storage Building*

Radwaste Building*

Steam Generator Blowdown Tank Vent.or Condenser Vent~

Turbine Gland Seal Condenser

-Waste Evaporator Condenser Vent x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x "x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x

.x x

x x

x x

x x.

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x ~

X RR 0 0

~

~

• Ifany or all of the process streams or building ventilation systems are routed to a single release point, the need for a continuous monitor at the individual discharge point to the main exhaust duct is eliminated.

One continuous monitor at the final release point is sufficient.

• • In some PWR's the steam generator blowdown tank vent is routed to the ma'in turbine condenser and. the need for a continuous monitor at this release point is eliminated.

• • • The auxiliary Building ventilation monitor will isolate the Waste Gas Storage Tanks.

Section 3 De1eted, pp.

3. 1-1 thru 3.3-2 3.1-1 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

~

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

4 ENVIRONHENTAL SURVEILLANCE

4. 1 ECOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE A licabilit and Ob ective of Environmental Surveillance The nonradiological environmental monitoring program applies to the monitoring of lake water temperature distribution, Plant discharge of chemicals, lake bottom scouring, beach erosion, biological variables in Lake Michigan and on the Plant site itself, to the specifications for onsite and offsite restoration and maintenance of transmission line rights-of-way, and studies to demonstrate that mixing zone standards will be met.

The objectives of the program are to determine (1) the relationship between the thermal plant discharge and the physical and biological characteristics of the lake water masses in the vicinity of the Plant site; (2) the a'quatic ecology of this 'portion of the lake (Southeastern corner of Lake Michigan from the St. Joseph River to Trail Creek in Michigan City, Indiana);

(3) the effects of the operation of the Donald C.

Cook Nuclear Plant on the. physical,

chemical, and biological variables of this portion of Lake".Michigan and the Plant site-including the beach; and (4) to minimize adverse impacts on, terrestrial and aquatic biota within and ad)scent to transmission rights-of-way.

4.1. 1 ABIOTIC 4.1.1.1, Biocides A program for measuring or calculating the chlorine residual at'he point of discharge to the lake is given in Specification 2.2.1.

4.1.1.2 Thermal Characteristics Applies to measurements of the distribution of temperature in the treated effluent discharged from the D.

C.

Cook Station into Lake Michigan.

(

~0b ective The obgectives of monitoring the lake water temperature in the region near the plant are to.

(i) determine the thermal characteristics of the lake within the defined study area;

4. 1-1 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

(ii) determine the size,

shape, and location of the thermal plume under different wind and lake current conditions; (iii) determine if the thermal discharge is in compliance with the thermal criteria of the Michigan Water Resources Commission.

S ecification The thermal discharges resulting from operation of D. C.

Cook U it o,

n s

an 2 shall be limited so as not to exceed the appropriate thermal criteria of the Michigan Water Resources Commission which presently are:

V Rule 1070.

(1) The Great Lakes and connecting waterways shall not receive a heat load which would warm the receiving water at the edge of the mixing zone more than 3 degrees Fahrenheit above the existing natural water temperature.

(2) The Great Lakes and connecting waterways shall not receive a heat load which would warm the receiving water at the edge of the mixing zone to temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit higher than the following monthly maximum temperatures'.

J F

M A

M J

J A

S 0

45 45 45 55 60 70 80 80 80 65 Lake Michigan south of a line due west from the city of Penwater:

N D

60 '0 Rule 1082.

(1) "...For Lake Michigan, mixing zones shall not exceed' defined area 'equivalent to that of a circle of radius of 1,000 feet, unless the discharger can demonstrate to the Commission that the defined area for a thermal discharge is more stringent than necessary to assure the protection and propagation of a balanced indigeneous population of aquatic life and wildlife in the receiving water..."

As determined by the Michigan Water Resources Commission, the mixing zone shall not exceed 5?0 acres

+2.6%.

The spatial distribution of the thermal discharge plume under different wind and lake current conditions shall be determined during the first year of Station operation.

The following elements of the discharge plume shall be measured:

(i) location of the centerline of the plume;

(

)

he rate of excess temperature decrease along the plume centerline; (ii) t (iii) the width of the plume; 4.1-2 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment Ho.

8, Unit 2

(iv) the thickness of the plume; (v) the depth of winter sinJ<ing of the plume.

Plume studies shall be initiated when Unit 1 begins operation at 75 percent of rated load and continue until 1 year of plume measurements are obtained from Units 1 and 2 operating at at least 75 percent of rated loads.

DUring each year the program shall consist of at least four scheduled as follows:.

1st study period:

2nd study period:

3rd study period:

4th study period:

15 February -

15 March

'15 April 15 May 15 June 15 September 1

November -

1 December Any of the above study periods is to be extended by 15 days whenever Unit outages such as refueling prevent completion of the desired number of plume resolutions.

Each study period shall consist of a minimum of 5 sampl.ing days.

During each sampling day, a minimum of two plume resolu-tions shall be made.

Plume studies are weather dependent, and the exact number of sampling days and plume resolutions will vary depending on seasonal weather conditions.

From these

surveys, isotherm diagrams shall be prepared for tfe surface and depth profiles of the plume.

The areas enclosed by the 3

F excess temperature isotherm shall be determined.

The 'areas and dimensions of these plume displays shall be compared with the results" of the hydraulic and analytical models used to forecast the plume behavior.

The effects of wind and other weather parameters shall be studied on the real plume and its behavior compared with that predicted by the models.

The areas within the 3

F excess temperature isotherms determined by the thermal surveys shall be analyzed with concurrent meteorological and lake current data.

From this analysis an attempt sha'll be made to determine frequency forecasts for plume areas.

The areas from the actual plume surveys and from the frequency forecasts shall be compared with the limit set for this plant by the Michigan Water Resources Commission.

'4.1-'3 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

~

~

monitoring of lake water temperatures to determine thermal and spatial characteristics of the plant discharge thermal plume shall (1) incorporate additional studies as necessary to verify the analytic and/or hydraulic models used to predict the behavior of the thermal plumes (resulting from plant discharges at the discharge structures and central intake) during deicing operation, and (2) determine the extent of recirculation necessary to prevent icing of the intake structural frames and trash grills during deicing operation.

Results of these studies shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

Wind Wind speed and direction shall be continuously monitored from a permanently fixed meteorological tower throughout the thermal measurement program.

The tower shall be of such height and so located that there is reasonable assurance that the wind velocities measured are representative of those affecting the water surface.

Wind speed and direction data shall be obtained in the form of hourly averages.

Currents (a)

Recording current meters shall be deployed to proVide continuous

measurements of ambient lake currents throughout the thermal measure-ment program.

Speed and direction 'of near-surface and near-bottom

'urrents shall be measured between the sandbars and offshore of the outersandbar.

To the extent possible,,the current meters shall be moored outside the current field induced by the intake and discharge flows.

The averaging period and time base for the meters shall be chosen such that statistically reliable correlations between current

'and wind velocities may be obtained.

The licensee reserves the right to alter the equipment specifications and measurement techniques as new technology becomes avail'able; justification for any changes shall be provided in the annual Operating Reports.

~.

(b)

During each thermal survey period, drogue measurements of currents in the top 2 feet of water shall be made.

The measurements shall be conducted so as to include as wide a range of wind and lake current conditions as possible.

Drogues shall be deployed inshore of the inner

sandbar, between the two sandbars, and offshore of the outer sandbar.

Drogue tracking shall be done by shore or by aerial observations.

The results of these. measurements shall be correlated with measured wind

,velocities and current velocities obtained from moored sensors.

4.1-4 Amendment No. 26, Un)t 1

Amendment No.

- 8, Unit 2

Re ortin Re uirements If the area within the 3 F degree excess isotherm is found to exceed the area allowed by the Michigan Water Resources Commission, the NRC and the Michigan Water Resources Commission shall be notified by the licensee.

These studies shall be reported in the aggua3.

Operating Reports regardless of the plume size found.

Bases The mixing zone and thermal criteria applicable to D. C.

Cook are defined in the Water Quality Standards of the Michigan Water Resources Commission.

These standards were approved by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency on December 12, 1973.

The temperature standards are specified to prevent excessive thermal stress to aquatic organisms and to reduce the volume of water which would be subjected to raised'emperatures.

The flow conditions at the D.

C. Cook site have not been defined for all seasons.

However, the limited measurements available~

suggest complex interactions between thermally-and wind-driven coastal flows.

These interactions will be expected to vary with different seasonal and local weather conditions.

The current field is further influenced by the topographic effects of the offshore sand bars.

Such complex flow conditions will cause large uncertainties in thermal plume behavior based on predictions of idealized mathematical models.

Furthermore, attempts to construct a hydraulic model of the D.

C, Cook discharge resulted in thermal plumes in which.the major portion of the area within the 3 F degree isotherm lay outside the boundaries of the model.2 e

Actual thermal plume behavior and compliance with Michigan Water Quality Standards must be determined by a comprehensive field surveillance program designed to cover as wide a range of seasonal and local weather conditions as possible.

Determination of the effectiveness of xeentrainment of heated water recir-culated to the central intake during deicing will aid in determining (1) the potential influence of the intake plume on fish aggregation near the intake cribs, and (2) the potential for fish to acclimate to temperatures that might contribute to cold shock mortality during scheduled or rapid plant shutdown.

4.1-5 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

iI

REFERENCES l.

Ayers, et. al.

1967 a.

Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological Studies.

Part I.

General Studies, 1966

& 1967.

1967 b.

Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological Studies.

Part II.

Studies of Local Winds and Along Shore

Currents, 1967.

2.

D.

C.

Cook, Final Environmental Statement, U.S.A.E.C., Docket Nos.

50-135 and 50-136, August 1973.

4.1-6 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

4.1.1.3 Eroe1oo

~Ob ective A beach erosion monitoring program is to be conducted to determine the effects of the Plant's circulating water discharge, rip rap scour bed, and stationary shore pilings on the erosional and depositional processes affecting the stability of beaches in the vicinity of the site.

S ecification Visual and photographic observations are to be made each winter of the behavior of the ice masses and t.he attached ice barriers along the beach at the Plant site with particular regard to the possible effects of the discharge of circulating water from the Plant on these floating or attached ice barriers.

Profiles of the lake bottom by sounding and the aerial survey of the shoreline have been completed.

This prograr shall be continued until in the licensee's

opinion, conditions have been stabilized, and the ob)ectives have been met, after which the findings and a request for termination shall be presented to the Regulatory staff for review, and must be approved, prior to termination of monitoring.

Re ortin Re uirements As specified in Section 5.4.

Results of all monitoring and special studies shall be reported, or reference given to separate published or docketed reports, in the annUej. Operating Report.

4.1-7 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2 4

I

s Basis The beach erosion monitoring program will attempt to verify the contention that ice buiding mechanisms will operate to repair any ice-melting, caused by the discharge plume.

In addition, monitoring enables determination of beach and near shore erosion direct effects of Plant discharges and direct or indirect effects of scour bed or protective pilings placed on shore or in the lake.

4.1.1.4 Scour Studies M

'he scour monitoring program is intended to determine the adequacy of the riprap bottom protection and to ensure that significant long-or short-term scour does not result from the high velocity Plant discharge or from sediment displacement, by along-shore

currents, in areas adjacent to the riprap, scour bed.

S ecification A sounding study shall be conducted at 100 foot intervals from a point near the beach approximately 300 feet south of the discharge scour bed to.a point 300 feet north of the extremity of the samei scour bed.

Sounding lines shall run parallel to the actual pipel'ines, essentially east-west, from the near shore, terminating about 400 feet west of the intake cribs.

Readings shall be taken by a continuous recording fathometer

'or instruments of equal or better accuracy) whose accuracy shall be at least to within' foot.

The sounding grid shall comprise a rectangle approximately 1,400 feet wide by 2,400 feet long, or shall encompass an area, larger or smaller, deemed necessary by the licensee to meet the objectives stated above.

Baseline surveys shall be conducted following issuance of an operating

license, but prior to testing of cooling water circulating pumps for-Unit No.

1; thereafter a survey shall be run at approximately 6-month intervals until at least 1 full year following the startup of Unit No.

2.

Studies conducted to verify the adequacy of the scour'ed in preventing bottom scouring by the high velocity Plant discharge shall also describe the effects of the scour 4.1-8 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

'Amendment No, 8, Unit 2

,I

bed on any movement, or displacement, of material moved by alongshore h

1 i ity and to the south and north of the riprap scour r model beds.

Results of all monitoring or special studies necessary for mo e

verification and demonstration of the",.effect of scour beds on along shore transport of sediment shall be",reported in the ailDllll Operating Reports.

If bottom scouring or ezosion resulting from the high velocity discharge and/or implacement of the protective scour bed occurs, and if judged to be significant by the staff,

1) the licensee shall submit plans for corrective action to the staff for 'approval and 2) implementation of any approved action shall be met by the time schedule specified.

Should the scour study indicate movement of the riprap, the licensee would initiate an Engineering investigation to repair the bottom protection in an appropriate fashion; In the unlikely event that the filter cloth deteriorates, the Licensee believes that the addition o relatively fine stone can mitigate lea'ching or erosion of the sand below the protective bed.

Xn either case the licensee shall submit plans for corrective,.action to the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation for zeview and approval.

A schematic view of the scour study area is shown in Figure 4.1.1.4-1.

Re ortin Re uirements As specified above and in Section 5.4.

Basis After extensive study,': a ]et'iffuser system was develcpad, with a jet velocity of 13-ft/sec selected on the basis of experimentation with a hydraulic model, to reduce the temperatures in the thermal-affected zone and to minimize the exposure of entrained organisms to heated 1ake waters Because of the relatively high velocity of the cooling water at the exit ports of the discharge structure, an extensiv'e scour protective bed has been installed.

The subject scour studies are to verify that there are no scour pzoblems resulting from Plant discharges or implacement of the riprap scour bed in the lake.

4.1.1.5 Groundwater

~OB ective To mohitor the movement of chemicals introduced into the groundwater from the onsite absorption field.

The hydraulic properties of groundwater such as direction and velocity of flow will also be monitored.

t 4

1 9

Amendment No 26 Unit ]

. Amendment No.

S,,Unit 2

I

tilQA ci t O W<Nia

,POI E

I fg7t'iE O~OUTFALLS 0"

COOI(

PLANT

~E ouq sTuDY AREA SAFE L> tlARBOR SOUTH o RAI'<GE POLE 0

500 600 900 SC(~,LE', meters 1'inure 4.1.3.4-1 Nap Shoving The Location Of; The Cook Plant Study Area 4.1-10 Amendment.No. 26, Unit 1

. Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

S ecification Chemical analyses of ground water samples taken from shallow groundwater aquifers in the vicinity of the onsite absorption field shall be monitored at 26 week intervals.

Groundwater movements shall be monitored at the on-site absorption field by conducting flow-drawdown hydraulic pumping tests of the monitoring and observation wells at 2 year intervals.

Water samples shall be taken from monitoring wells la, 8, ll, and 12, shown on Figure 4. 1. 1. 5-1, after a period of pumping sufficient to give constant conductivity as measured with a suitable analyzer.

At the same time, samples of lake water which are free of chlorination shall be collected from the circulating water pump discharge or an equal source.

The well water samples and the lake water samples shall be analyzed for concentrations of sodium ion, sulfate ion, phosphate, pA, conductivity.

These samples also shall be analyzed for nitrate, iron, copper or any other ions or toxic chemicals if such chemicals are known or suspected to have been discharged to the absorption field in concentrations that are not permitted in drinking water.

Well depths and groundwater strata shall be reported on a one-time basis for wells that are altered or replaced, or for new wells.

Ground-water levels shall be reported with each sample report for each well.

Chemical analyses are to be made in accord with the Plant Laboratory Procedure Manual.

Monitoring data shall be analyzed in accord with the specifications in Section

4. 1. 2. 4.

Groundwater movement shall be determined by calculating the velocity and direction of flow from data acquired during flow drawdown hydraulic pumping, tests of the monitoring and observation wells. ill

'e ortin Re uirement P

Monitoring data and their analyses shall be reported in the annual Operating Repor t.

As defined in the "Report of the National Technical Advisory Committee to the Secretary of the Interior, Water equality Criteria, 1968."

4.1-11 Amendment No. 26, Unjt 1

Amendment No.

8, Unst 2

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Basis Periodic chemical analyses of groundwater samples will give adequate warning of any impending changes in water quality, and groundwater flow monitoring will ensure that the time interval, as specified for monitor-ing of chemicals, is adequate for detection.

This warning will serve to show whether there is any deterioration of quality of the groundwater on-site and what is the potential contribution of plant wastes to the lake.

4. 1. I. 6 CORROSION AND DEPOSITION INHIBITORS 4.1.1.6.1

~0b'ective The purpose of this specification is to provide NRC with information on the discharge to the lake of the corrosion inhibitors used in the stream and feedwater systems and the plant heating boiler.

4.1.'l.6.2 S ecification The chemical in the steam generator blowdown liquid discharged to the lake

.should normally not exceed the maximum annual quantity and maximum dis-charge concentration below:

Ammonium Hydroxide Maximum Annual Maximum Discharg'e Dischar e

lbs/ r)

Concentr'ation

(

m) 5100

0. 17 The quantities of chemicals used which are discharged to the lake shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

If the above values are exceeded or the following monitoring requirements not met, a report shall be made within 30 days as specified in Section 5.4.2.

1 and such events shall also be reported in the annual Environmental Operating Repo'rt as specified in Section 5.4.1.

4. 1. 1. 6. 3 Monitorin Re uirements During operation, samples of blowdown liquid shall be taken a minimum of four -times a week at each steam generator blowdown

.sample connection and analyzed for those ch'emicals" added for corrosion and deposition control.

A composite sample of the Unit's blowdown liquid shall be analyzed, monthly for products of corrosion, i.e., iron, copper, (corrosion products).,

l Mhenever the plant heating boiler is operating, samples of this bo'iler's blowdown liquid shall be taken a minimum of once per day and analyzed for chemicals added for corrosion and geposition control.

Methods of analysis used for determination of the chemical additives'nd corrosion products shall be in the Plant Laboratory Procedures Manual.

4.1-13'mendment No. 26, Unit'1

'.Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

S

'I

4.1.1.6.4 Basis Ammonium hydroxide and hydrazine are used for corrosion prevention in the steam cycle.

These chemicals will be continuously blown down to and diluted by the condenser cooling water.

Under normal operating conditions, the blowdown rate will average about 55 gpm.

When starting up the unit, when there is an in-leakage of circulating water, or when there is inleakage of primary coolant into the secondary coolant through the steam generator (these are abnormal conditions) the blowdown rate will be increased to approximately 250 gpm.

Hydrazine is used as an oxygen scavenger to prevent corrosion of the steam and feedwater system components.

• Any of this chemical which does not react with oxygen will decompose to nitrogen and ammonium hydroxide in the steam generators.

The maximum annual discharge of ammonium hydroxide permitted in this specification is that corresponding to normal operation (0.02 ppm hydrazine) for 90 percent of the time of operation and the maximum concentra-tion (96 ppm hydrazine) for a maximum of 10 percent of the operating time plus addition of supplemental ammonium hydroxide as necessary to maintain a

pH range of 8.5 to 9.3 in the steam generators.

It also corresponds to normal operation of the blowdown 90 percent of the time and operation at the maximum blowdown rate for 10 percent of t)e time.

It is assumed that the plant will operate 80 percent of the time in calculating maximum permitted releases.

Maximum discharge concentrations are calculated on the 'basis of a circulating water discharge rate equal to the flow of one circulating water pump.

Normally, the auxiliary heating boiler will be operated only when both reactors are shut down.

At such periods, there will be blowdown (approximately 10 gpm) to the condenser circulating water.

The boiler water contains 10-30 ppm of phosphate as a scale inhibitor and 20-50 ppm sulfite as an oxygen scavenger.

The minute discharge of chemical from this infrequently operated boiler will have no significant adverse effect on the lake.

The sulfite is oxidized rapidly to sulfate prior to release to the lake.

The quantity of sulfate thus discharged is negligible considering the average sulfate concentration already in the lake water.

s 4.1-14 Ameridment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

4. l. 1.7 Other Chemical Dischar es 4.1.1.7.1

~0b ective Y

The purpose of this specification is to provide information on the release of chemicals, other than corrosion and deposit inhibitors, to the lake or the on site absorption field to alert the staff to potentially adverse impacts on aquatic or terrestrial biota due to plant operation.

e The maximum quantities and discharge concentrations of other chemicals used in the plant which will be discharged to the lake and to the on site absorption field should not normally exceed the values specified in Table

4. 1-1.

Chemicals used in the plant sho'uld be diluted.and neutralized as required to give.a pH in the range of 5.5',to 9 prior to discharge to the on site absorption field.

Excepting chlorine, no toxic chemical, e.g.,

chromates, mercury compounds, etc. should'e discharged to the lake or on site absorption field.

No oil or petroleum products shall be discharged to the lake or to the on site absorption field.

The composition and quantity of detergents (Table 4. 1-1) used and discharged to the lake shall be reported in the annual Operating Reports.

In the event that chemicals other than those specified in Table 4. 1-1 are released, a report of the release shall be made as described in Section 5.4.2. 1.2.

On those occasions when spent chemical cleaning solutions are to be discharged to the absorption field, samples of the sump waste water shall be collected arid analyzed for all chemical species (including heavy metals and hydrocarbons) that potentially could result from the cleaning operation.

Actual concen-trations and estimated quantities of all other chemical species dischar'ged shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

Actual quantities of the species monitored per Section

4. 1. 1.7.3 below and discharged to the lake and/or to the on site absorption field shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

Discharge of chemical"s in excess of Table 4. 1-1 shall be reported within 30 days as specified in Section 5.4. 2. 1 and also in the annual Environm'ental Operating Report as specified in Section 5.4.1.

4.l-l5 Amendment No. 26, Unit l Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

~ ev

4. l. 1. 7. 3 Monitorin Re uirements During operation, samples of a steam generator's blowdown liquid shall be analyzed for boron a minimum of four times a week whenever primary-to-secondary leakage occurs in that steam generator.

Samples of processed wastes from the radiological waste disposal system shall be analyzed for boron whenever these wastes are discharged to the lake.

During initial plant operation, the pH of the turbine building sump shall be monitored and composite samples of the sump discharge shall be

'ollected and analyzed for sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride and total solids during ten regenerations of the makeup water system demineralizers.

During normal plant operation, the pH of the sump dis-charge shall be determined and composite. samples taken and analyzed for the same constituents once a week.

Samples of the sump discharge will, be collected and anlyzed whenever any chemicals, other than spent regenerants, are drained to the sump.

4.1.1.7.4 Basis The only discharges to the lake containing chemicals used in the plant are the steam generator blowdown liquid and the liquid from the radiological waste processing system.

Spent regenerant solutions are drained to the turbine room sump where they are diluted prior to pumping to the onsite absorption field.

In addition, other waste water consisting of condensate and service water is drained to this sump.

Monitoring sump water discharge pH during regeneration during plant startup will permit making adjustments to insure that the pH is within limits specified.

The monitoring'f the pH at the stated intervals wi 11 assure that sump discharge remains near the neutral pH point and that local ground water pH will not be strongly affected.

The environs'monitoring program (Section 4) will determine the effect of onsite absorption field discharges on local groundwater quality.

The analysis of the sump water samples during and subsequent to inital operation will provide guidelines for diluting sump water, as necessary, to reduce the concentration of spent regenerants.

There may be several occasions during the life of the plant when spent chemical cleaning solutions will be discharged to the absorption field.

4.1-]6 Amendm'ent No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

f

TABLE 4.1-1 OTHER CHEMICAL DISCHARGES TO ENVIRONS Chemical Estimated Maximum Annual Discharge

( er ear)

Estimated Maximum Discharge Concentration (PPPM)

Use and Estimated Dischar e Fre uenc Dischar ed in Sodium Sulfate 480 tons 10,000 Product of makeup water demineralizer regenerations.

Discharged over a 2-4 hour period twice per day.

Onsite absorption field Boron 600 lbs.

0.03 a)

Release caused by steam generator tube leak.

Dis-charged during intermittent periods corresponding to primary to secondary steam generator leakage.

Lake b)

Release caused by boron carryover into Liquid Rad-waste Disposal System evaporator distillate.

Discharged intermittently with plant liquid waste effluents.

I,ake 0 0

~

~

CO Ch V

V Detergents 5,000 lbs.

0.15 Used for onsite laundry, decontamination of equipment and personnel.

Discharged intermittently.

Lake C C r+

Product from the reaction of sodium hydrozide and sulfuric acid used in regeneration of makeup demineralizers.

(1)

4. 1. 2 BIOTIC Aquatic ecological studies have been underway at the D.

C.

Cook Plant since 1966, with a full scale preoperational general ecological

survey, covering about 98 square miles of southeastern Lake Michigan, in progress since 1972.

P'rior to plant operation, there will be a number of years of preoperational data available for subsequent Plant impact analysis.

Such a comprehensive data base allows for periodic curtailment of certain general ecological survey programs without sacrifice of program objectives, so that greater attention can be given to preoperational (pumping only) and postoperational (pumping and temperature) entrainment and impingement studies.

Descriptions are given below of the number of samples to be collected, techniques used in sampling, and methods of sample analysis.

A more detailed presentation of the specifics of the current'program is given in Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological Studies, Part XVII, Program of Studies Related to the Donald C.

Cook Nuclear Plant.

The licensee does not preclude a change in program methodology should improved techniques evolve or biological indicators emerge which in themselves adequately re-flect any Plant induced ecological alterations.

Changes in methodology shall be reported and justified in the annual Operating Report.

Changes in scope or major changes in the program shall be presented to NRC for review and approval before they are initiated.

Any such major changes will also be reported and justified in the annual Operating Report and reports of the Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological Studies.

4. 1.2. l. 1 General Ecolo ical Surve A comprehensive aquatic ecological survey program is presently being conducted to determine preoperational conditions in the vicinity of the Donald C.

Cook Nuclear Plant. 'hen compared with operational conditions, these studies will enable determination of Cook Plant influence upon the studied biological systems.

The biological systems examined shall include the general groups:

phytoplankton, periphyton, zooplantken, benthic invertebrates, and fish.

k 4.1-18 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

I

Sampling frequency for each,,phase of the monitoring program ih contingent on weather and seasonal conditions.

II Techniques and schedules used to study each biological group differ, so that separate discussion is given to each of the groups.

As mentioned previously, the relative intensity of effort given to the general ecological survey will vary but'at no time will individual efforts. on specific biological systems be curtailed below levels necessary for valid statistical data analysis.

The statistical significance of any observed changes in natural populations will be tested using the analysis of variance.

A discussion of, the statistical procedure to be used in the data analysis and evaluation of Plant effects is given in Part XVIIIof the Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological report series.

Further specification of statistical methodology is presented in Section 4.1.2.4.

A schedule of months and station designations used for the General Ecological Survey are givep in Table 4.1.2-1, with differentiations made when necessary, between intensity of effort given in 1973, years uring which entrainment and impingement studies are running concurrently, and years when no entrainment and impingement studies are scheduled.

Station designations are further explained in Table 4.1.2-2.

The total number of field samples for each year (1973-1978) for four categories, are shown in Table 4.1.2-3.

Unless otherwise specified and with the approval of NRC, the program will continue for a minimum of three years after Unit 2 is licensed to'perate.

No programs shall be discontinued without staff approval.

The general ecological survey at the Cook Plant is broad in"scope and covers the range from algae to fish.

Changes in the aquatic ecosystem may be measured by alterations in species composition, density, or species diversity, While different techniques are used for each study group to detect such

changes, most techniques have certain common features, including:

1.

Long-Term Study - the survey period covers several years.

2.

Vide Study Area - including control and potentially affected areas.

3.

Frequent Sampling at least monthly at selected locations and seasonally at a 1arger number of locations.

4.

Multiple Sample Analysis - in most studies, either several samples are taken, or single samples split for replicate analyses.

4.1-19

'- Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

'Am'endment No.

8, Unit 2

5.

Low Level of Identification - when practical, identifications are made to species level.

When considered in concert, these features will enable determination of any significant long-tera changes in species composition, abundance or species diversity.

Quality assurance of the ecological surveillance program will be accomp s

e lished by the following mechanisms.

All hard data such as cal results 1 b ratory notebooks field notes, photographsy and analytica c u a o shall be retained.

Second, a reference collection of biolog ca specimens shall be retained for future reference.

These shall include wherever possible, wet specimens and vill be representative o

the important species in the area.

The specifications in Section 4.1.2.1 related to specific methodology include field and laboratory equipment and techniques, number and location of sampling stations and degree of sample replication.

These are meant to be illustrative of acceptable

details, and may be change by the licensee, provided that such substitutions or changes improve t e licensee's capability to meet the program or survey objectives.

All changes in the equipment, field and laboratory techniques, degree of sample replication, and number and location of sampling stations shall be reported and justified in the gpIIg~g Operating Reports.

4.1.2.1.1.1

. Zooplankton Surveys

~ob ective Zooplankt'on surveys in the Cook Plant region are designed to give a broad background of spring,

summer, and fall zooplankton numbers.

They will also give compositions and diversities under preoperational con i-tions against which operational surveys, similarly conducted, may be contrasted to assess long-term changes in numbers, species composition, and diversities attxibutable to Cook Plant oper'ation.

S ecifications Field 1Iethods Replicate zooplankton samples shall be collected at each of the 28 l t tatio s in the three ma)or seasonal surveys (Figure 4.1.2-1),

s Fi ure and at each of eleven stations (less DC-0) in the short surveys

(

gure 4.1.2-2).

At each station, a vertical haul from bottom to surface shall be made with a 1/2 meter diameter cone net of 810 nylon mesh (158 Nicron a ertures) with a flowmeter placed in the mouth of the net to estimate P

volume of water fi1tered.

A11 samples should be preserved.

4.1-20 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Laborato Methods Collected samples may be subsampled with each sample split as many times as necessary to yield duplicate random subsamples o'f manageable size which still permit statistical reliability.

Each sample selected for counting contains several hundred of the most common forms.

Large'r subsamples may be examined for rarer forms.

Subsamples of zooplankton will be counted in a chamber.

,S'amples should be identified to species at DC 2, 5, 6.

All other station identifications should be to genus; to species if practicable.

Total zooplankton weights shall be deter-mined by weighing oven dried counted subsamples.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.

Bss1s Zooplankton are primarily planktonic (drifting with the currents and having only limited ability to swim upward).

Zooplankters are rather highly seasonal in dominant species, and in reproduction of copepods in spring as inshore water warms.

Insofar as displacement of seasonal dominants toward the summer condition, and inpofqr as copepod repro-duction inshore might be extended earlier into spring than usual, a.

study of zooplankters represents a means of determining the effects of Plant discharges from the Cook Plant on these organisms.

4.1.2.1.1.2 Phytoplankton Surveys

\\

~OB ective Phytoplankton surveys in the Cook Plant area are designed to give a broad background of'spring,

summer, and fall phytoplankton numbers.

They will also give species composition and diversities under pre-operational surveys against which operational surveys, similarly conducted, may be contrasted to determine long-term changes in numbers, species composition, and diversities attributable to Cook Plant operation.

S ecifitations Field Method Phytoplankton in the vicinity of the Cook Plant shall be sampled monthly from April to November.

During three'f these months (April, July and October) phytoplankton samples shall be collected at each of the 36 ma)or survey stations (Figure 4.1.2-1).

During remaining months, samples 4.1-21 Amendment No. 26,.Unit 1' Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

0 0

0 0

I 7

I 000~ 0 Be jQ I

I I

I I

2

) Q5005 I

COOK PLOD'~T I

7 VitLES o = COMPLFTE SiATION o= Pi-',YTOPLAN!(TOK~ Ol'~LY pig.

4-.1 2-1 The 36-Station Ma)or Survey Grid to be Used in Seasonal Samplings during Cook Plant Surveys.

l

shall be collected from each of the short survey stations, i.e.,

seven stations in a perpendicular line from -the Cook shoreline, two stations north of the plant, and two stations south of the Plant (Figure 4.1.2-2).

All samples, except from surf zone stations, can be collected with a Niskin bottle at a depth of 1 meter, and placed in a brown 1-liter polyethylene bottle and immediately fixed.

Phytoplankton from surf zone stations (4 feet of depth),

sampled only during major surveys, can be collected in 1-liter Nalgene bottles at a depth "of 6 inches using the same preservation technique."

Laborator Method The method of phytoplankton concentration for species identification and enumeration may entail settling, decanting and preparation for a microscope slide.

The remaining sample should be retained for possible future reference.

The phytoplankton specimens shall be counted to species when possible, otherwise to genus or group.

Only those specimens that appear to have been viable at the time of collection 'shall be counted.

At least two sweeps across the slide should be made, one vertical and one horizontal.

This should provide an indication of the randomness of the species on the slide.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section'.4.

Basis Phytoplankton are wholly planktonic (drifters with no ability to swim) and laboratory experiments have shown they are abl'e to respond to

elevated temperatures by increased reproduction and species composition shifts toward dominance by green or blue-green forms.

A study of the numbers and species composition of the phytoplankton represent a means for determining the impact of Cook Plant operation on phytoplankton.

4.1.2.1.1e3 Benthos Surveys

~Ob ective Benthos surveys are designed.to determine whether the population of benthic animals is significantly different after the existence of the Cook Plant thermal plume and chemical discharges than it was.before.

Attention shall be given to the non-buoyant plume of winter as well as to the floating plumes of other seasons.

4 ] 23 Amendment No. 26, Unit

-1 Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

MlLES 7~

I l

lD A) ea

~ n.

l'-

0)

CD H

0 0

~

~

PQ co ~

V V

0 0

8 0

I 2

l 0.5 00.5 l

2 COOl:; PLANT 7

WL~S

~

C+

pig - 4.l.2-2 The -Hinimal Cook Plant Survey Grid.

Used in Honths between Season Surveys.

S ecification Beginning in July 1974, benthos will be collected from the thirty stations of the regular sampling grid given in Table 4.1.2-1 during April, July and October.

Each sample will be the cpntents of chamber 81 of a triplex ponar grab.

In zone 0, four casts will be made at each sampling station.

In zones 1 and 2,

two casts will be made at each sampling station.

Samples should be washed through a 0.5 mm screen and residues of sand and coarser materials discarded.

In general, pprticles and animals larger than 0.5 mm in their least dimension can be retained, while active and elastic oligochaetes somewhat larger than this occasionally escape.

The residue on the screen should be washed into a sample bottle and preserved.

Laborator Method In the laboratory, benthos samples pill be sorted under strong light against a black background, usually with magnification.

Oligochaeta and smaller Chironomidae shall be mounted on slides and identified at high magnification.

The age and maturity of Ponto oreia affinis should be determined for each sample.

For each survey, tables shall be compiled to show mean abundance of the major taxa (Amphipoda, Oligochaeta, Sphaeriidae, Chironomidae, Total Animals) at eaqh station for use in inner/outer com-parisons.

Tables and figures also shall be prepared showing mean abundance

'of more numerous and larger species by depth zones and regions, accompanied by statistical analysis of data.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.

Basis The benthos are relatively sedentary organisms upon which the variations of environmental conditions can produce effects.

Like all aquatic invertebrates they have the capacity to respond to elevated temperature by increased or earlier reproduction, or by producing earlier stages of insect life-cycles.

The benthos consequently represent test animal ~ar excellence for determining effects of the Cook Plant operation on biota in the plant vicinity.

4.1.2.1.1.4 Periphyton

~ob ective Periphyton monitoring is designed to ascertain the preoperational and operational abundances and charactegistics of the local population of attached algae as an indicator of the effects of Cook Plant operation on the aquatic environment.

4.]

25

'Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

.8, Unit 2

S ecification Field Method Periphyton on the Intake and discharge structures and the sur-rounding riprap shall be visually inspected and samples hand-collected during the months of April through October (see Specification 4.1,2.1,.4

) ~

Monthly samples of entrained pgytoplankton at the intake shall be examined for periphytic species and the abundances thereof obtained.

'reservation of samples shall be the same as for samples collected in the regular sampling scheme of the general ecological survey.

Labato Method The laboratory methods used shall be the same as those used for phytoplankton in the regular jampling scheme of the general ecological surveysee Specification 4.1.2.1.1.2. except that each month from April through October a wet-mounted sample from

.the intake structure shall be examined also.

rtin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4 ~

Basis Periphyton are attached algae graving upon solid suhstrates, consequently they are fixed in position.

Xf their substrates are located where the Plant 'discharge can reach them, the periphyton may respond by abundance

changes, changes in population composition, changes in diversity, or changes in other population parameters.

Statistically significant differences between preoperational and operational population parameters villbe noted and the relationship to Plant operation investigated.

4.1-26 Am'endment No. 26, Unit Amendment No 8

Unit 2

4. 1. 2. 1. 1. 5 Fi sh

~0b ective To determine the environmental impact of Plant operation on the fish popula-tions in the vicinity of the Plant and establish species composition, indices of abundance for fish at the site, seasonal and depth distribution, and the various development stages of fish present in the Plant area.

S ecifications Field Method Stations:

At least 11 permanent stations shall be maintained in the area of the Cook Plant and Warren Dunes (control location).

Two seining stations (A and B) north and south of the plant and three gillnetting, trawling stations and fish larvae (C and D south of the Plant, and R north of the Plant) in 20 and 30 feet of water shall be maintained in the vicinity of the Cook Plant.

A gi llnetting station (g north of the Plant) in 30 feet of water shall be maintained.

One fish larvae station (E) in 70 feet of water shall also be maintained.

At Warren Dunes State Park (contro'1 location) one seining station(F),

two stations (G and H) ip water depths of 20 and 30 feet for gillnetting, trawling and fish larvae and one station (W) at 70 feet of water depth for fish larvae shall be maintained.

Fish larvae tows shall be conducted at 10 stations.

The fishing areas at the plant are shown in Figure 4. 1.2-3.

Warren Dunes State Park control stations are now shown on the figure.

Beach Seining:

Beach seining shall be conducted during periods of reduced wave height using a 38.0 meter x 1.8 meter (125 feet x 6 feet) nyfsn bag seine having 0.5 cm (0.25 inch) bar mesh.

The seine shall be first stretched perpen-dicular to the shoreline and then pulled parallel to the shore, a dis'tance of 61 meters (200 feet).

Duplicate nonoverlapping collections shall be made in this manner during a day and a night once each month at the seining stations (A, B, F).

The seine shall be pul'led against the current, and southerly when no current is detectable.

Fish captured by seine (also by trawl and gillnet) shall be bagged and frozen for future laboratory analysis.

Trawling:

Duplicate bottom tows of 10 minutes each shall be taken during both the day and night once per month at the five stations (C,

D, G, H,

R)

"lt ee'.1-27 Amen/men) (o.

2NI, IIni) j

~,

~ COLLECTION STATIONS' BEACH SE INES 8

BEACH SE INES C, R 6.1 METER TRAWLS'ILLNET SETS AND FISH LARVAE D,g 9.1 METER TRAWLS'ILLNET SE'TS AND FISH LARVAE E

23 HETER FISH LARVAE g

R I

NORTH 0 RANGE

. POLE 0

INTAKES0 OUTFALLS 0

0 COOK PLANT D

C SAFF HARBOR

'OUTH 0 RANGE POLE aoo 600 SCALE tMETERS) 900 FIGURF 4.1.2-3 Ha~ of the Area Showing Locations of the Cook Plant, Intake and Discharge

."l. uctu -..'.

and Seining (A, B); Trawling, Gill-netting and Fish Larvae (C,

D, R

i ~tie;n;

: '."~ill-netting (g) Station; and Fish Larvae (E) Station..

Seining Station (F); Gill.-nettinq, trawling and Fish Larvae Stations (G,

H) and Fish Larvae Station (<<) At Warren Dunes State Park (control location') Are tlot Shown.

4'.1-28

'Amendment No. 25, Untt g.

Amenapent vo.. u,,Unit z

0

~

using a semiballon nylon trawl having a 4.9 m (16 feet) headrope and a

5.8 m (19 feet) footrope.

The body of the net is composed of 3.8 cm (1.5 inches) stretch

mesh, the cod-end of 2.3 cm (1.25 inches) stretch

mesh, and the inner liner of 1.3 cm (0.5 inch) stretch mesh.

All trawls shall be made at an average speed of 3 miles'er hour.

The trawl shall be towed parallel to the shore following the 20- and 30-foot depth con-

tours, one replicate going approximately north to south and the other south to north.

Gillnetting:

Nylon experimental gillnets, 160.

1 m 'x 1.8 m (525 feet x 6 feet) shall.

be set parallel to shore on the bottom at stations (C,

D, G, H,

R) at least once per month for approximately 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> during daylight and 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> during the night.

The net is composed of 12 panels of netting as follows:

three 7.6 m (25 feet) sections of the following bar mesh sizes--

1.3 cm (0.5 inch), 1.9 cm (0.75,inch),

and 2.5 cm (1.0 inch) and nine 15.3 m (50 feet) sections of bar mesh sees starting at 3. 1 cm (1.25 inches) and increasing to 3. 1 m (9 feet) section of 10 cm (4 inches) mesh.

I Fish Larvae:

A 0.5 m diameter plankton net of No.

2 mesh (351 micron aperture) shall be used to collect fish larvae samples.

Samples from 10 stations shall be collected during the day and night.

For the inshore stations (A,

B F) a set of at least duplicate samples shall be obtained by towing two nets simultaneously by hand against the current a distance of 61 m (200 feet) once during the day and once during the night in water depth of 1-1.3 m (3 to 4 feet).

At stations C,

G and R (6.m stations) 5 minute tows shall be made at 0.5 m, 2 m, 4 m, and 5.5 m, the 0.5 m tow represent-ing the 0-1 m, and the 2

m tow representing the 2-3 m, the 4

m tow repre-senting the 4-5 m and the 5.5 m tow representing the 6

m depths.

At

'stations 0 and H (9 m stations) 5 minute tows shall be conducted at 0.5 m

(representing 0-1 m), 2.5 m (representing 2-3 m), 4.5 m (representing

~ 4-5 m), 6.5 m (representing 6-7 m),

and 9.5 m (representing 8-9 m).

At stations E and M a 5 minute tow at 0, 7.5, 13.5, and 20.0 m will be con-ducted.

Laborator Treatment of Fish Fish from seines, gillnets and trawls shall be thawed, as needed at the laboratory, separated by species, then grouped according to size classes.

Mhen large numbers of a particular species are present, a subsample shall be randomly selected, and a mass weight of the remaining fish of that species taken.

Length, weight, sex, gonad condition, condition factor as well as fin clips, lamprey scars, and evidence of disease and parasites 4.1-29 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

shall be noted for these fish on a coding form which will go directly to a keypuncher for later data analysis.

Preserved fish larvae shall be identified, counted and numbers per cubic meter determined.

The same samples examined for larvae shall also be examined for fish egg.

Subsequent to the granting of an operating license, the, licensee shall continue to access all appropriate concepts for minimizing potential adverse effect of Plant oper'ation on lakewide or vicinity fish species populations.

If, at any time, impingement, condenser

passage, and Plant discharge effects of Plant operation are judged by the staff to have an unacceptable economic or ecological impact on lakewide'r vicinity fish species populations, the licensee's proposed and staff approveg corrective action shall be implemented within a time schedule specified by the'staff, taking into account weather, materials.'availability, etc.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.

Basis Comparing preoperational and operational condition of the fish population the Plant and control site will provide a meaningful method of assessing potentially subtle impacts of Plant operation on the fish populations.

Fish sampling will provide a means of determining changes in preoperational and operational characteristics of the fish populations'n the Plant vicinity.

this information., shall be used to evaluate the effects of Plant discharges on the fish populations in the Plant's vicinity.

4 1

30 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

~

~

In the event that the effects of Plagt operation are judged to have an unacceptable adverse impact on fish species in the vicinity of the Plant, a staff approved plan for appropriate design modifications of the cir-culating cooling water system will permit rapid implementation of correc-tive actions to minimize or eliminate further adverse

impacts,

4. 1.2.').2 Im in ement Studies of Fish

~0b 'ective The impingement study is designed to monitor fish entrained in the three condenser cooling water intakes that are impinged on the traveling screens and trash racks, and to analyze these fish to provide short-term estimates of species composition, length, weight, and seasonal abundance of these impinged fish.

S ecifications All fish impinged on the traveling screens during startup and during periods of'reliminary intermittent testing of pumps prior to sustained pump operation, following the effective date of issuance of an operating

license, shall be reported in the annual Operating Report.

Daily collec-tion of fish impinged on the traveling screens shall be made for 6 months, starting with the first sustained operation of the circulating cooling water pumps in 1974.

These data shall be analyzed statistically to deter-mine if col')ection of samples every fourth day rather than daily would still be statistically valid.

Should statistics verify the validity of the every fourth day sampling

scheme, then fish shal]

be collected for a 24-hour period every fourth day after /he initial 6-month test period.

Fish shall be collected in fish collection baskets and examined for species, life stages, and quantity (number and weight) collected.

A statistically valid subsample of each species shall be counted,

measured, weighed and sexed.

Also, breeding and general condition will be deter-mined.

All fish removed from the trash rack shall be recorded and reported as specified in Section 5.4. l.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.

Until 1 year after Unit No.

1 and Unit No.

2 begin operation, monthly reports on impingement of fish for each Unit are to be submitted to the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

4.1 31 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Basis Collection baskets serve as an excellent sampling tool for gathering all fish that enter the intake structures.

Little is known about the number of fish that will be impinged at the Cook Plant because of the unique. intake design.

Therefor e, this part of the ecological monitoring program should contribute to the furtherance of knowledge about the species and sex composition as well as tTie abundance, condition. and seasonal occurrence of all fish species impinged by the Plant.

4.1.2.1.3 Study of Plankton,

Benthos, and Fish Egg and Larvae Intake Entrainment Ob ective I

Those plankton, fish eggs and larvae, and benthos organisms drawn into the cooling water system which are small enough to pass through the 3/8 inch mesh on the traveling screens will be drawn through the Plant and e..posed to a variety of stresses, including:

pressure

changes, mechanical

abrasion,

- temperature elevation, and periodic chlorination.

This study shall provide short-term data on t~e abundance and seasonality of this entrainment, and shall determine the effects of condenser passage on

'he species entrained in relation to its impacts on these species

~population in the Plant vicinity.

S ecifications F'sh Entrainment and Entrainable Benthos Fish, fish larvae, fish eggs, and benthos shall be sampled at two locations:

in the intake forebay and discharge forebay following passage through the condensors.

Testing shall be done during 1974, to determine existence or nonexistence of vertical stratification in the intake and discharge forebays; three depths shall be sampled:

near the bottom, at'id-depth and near the surface.

If vertical stratification is, or -s not, observed, sufficient samples to meet statistical reliability shall be taken in each foreba y

Forebay smnples shall be taken by pumping measured volumes of water with a 80 gpm diaphram pump into a 1/2 m plankton net (351 micron mesh).

The net should be suspended in a barrel of water in.'an upright position to prevent damage to organisms from impingement against the n t.

During all months of the year except June, July, and August, samples shall be collected twice monthly'for each 8 hour9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> segment during a twenty-four hour period.

Fish c-gs shall be enu:

..-at d

.nd atta. pts at i cn"i" atio.-.

made.

Fish larvae shall be sorted by species and enumerated, with living-dead distinctions anticipated.

Xlethods for the r pid distinction (under 4.1-32 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendm'ent No.

8, Unit 2

)

III

field conditions) between living and dead larvae are still in develop-mental stages.

The same samples collected for fish eggs and larvae shall be inspected for benthic organisms.

During the period through the first year of operation of Unit No. 2, samples of fish eggs and larvae sha11 be collected weekly for one and/or both Units for each 8 hour9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> segment during a twenty-four hour period, in June, July, and August.

Zoo lankton Entrainment Zooplankton samples shall be collected in t'e intake forebay and in the dischaxge forebay following passage thxough the condenser.

Within the intake and discharge

forebays, the sample shall be collected by pump-ing water'with volume of water pumped being xecorded) through a 810 plankton net suspended in a barrel of, water.

After preliminary experiments to determine whether horizontal or vertical stratification exists and to choose a representative sampling position,

'statistically reliable (e.g., replicate samples) sampling shall be performed at least monthly.

Testing shall be accomplished.in"1974 when the Plant is pumping water without having a warm water plume.

Simultaneous operation of all seven pumps of both units shall be accommodated at the earliest

.opportunity for such testing.

Care shall be taken in the handling of the samples to preclude damage to organisms.

The samples shall be collected during one twenty->wEo period a month atfour times during the day'mid-.

morriign, mid-afternoon, late evening and midnight to determine diurnal variation.

Sampling shall be lagged behind sunxise and sunset.,

The laboratory techniques described in the preoperational monitoring program report fi13+ shall be employed for the zooplankton with the exception that statistically representative samples (2 replicate samples from the intake forebay and 2 replicate samples from the discharge fore-bay) shall, in addition, be counted'for live and dead organisms as soon as possible after col ection.

further studies shall use incubated samples to determine survivoxsnip of entrained zooplankton over periods up to twenty-four hours after return to ambient water temperatures; Ph to lankton En rainaent Fhytoplankton samples shall be collected in the intake forebay and in the discharge forebay following passage through the condenser.

Sampling frequency shall be at least monthly.

Samples shall be collected 3enton Parbor Power Plant Livnological Studies.

Fart XIII.

Cook Plant Freoperational S-udies 1972.

281 p. i)arch 1973.

~L 4.1-33 Amendment No. 26, Unit I

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

4

at three times during one twenty-four hour period in early morning, at mid-day and in late evening.

Sampling intensity is dependent on the presence of a diurnal pattern; should'no diurnal pattern be observed in the samples during 1974 when the Plant is pumping water without having a warm.

water plume, statistically reliable (e.g., replicate samples) sampling at each of the above locations shall be proposed.

Species composition and abundance, as well as chlorophyll a and phaeo-pigments shall be recorded for each sample.

The laboratory techniques in the preoperational monitoring program report f/ XIII shall be employed for phytoplankton with the exception that in addition chlorophyll a and phaeo-pigment investigations shall be performed (Strickland and Parsons, 1972*).

The ratio of chlorophyll a to phaeo-pigment may be used to assess viability.

Long and short-term effects of condenser passage on phytoplankton shall be studied using incubated samples to determine survivorship of entrained organisms over periods up to forty-eight hours.

Comparison of samples from different locations should allow assessment of effects on phytoplankton due to condenser p'assage.

Re ortin Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.

Basis The exact effect of Plant operation on zooplankton, fish eggs, and fish larvae is impossible to predict. It is therefore necessary to monitor the number of organisms passing through the cooling water system to estimate the probable effects.. It will be n'ecessary to establish

numbers, species composition and data on biological viability so that gross environmental changes can be detected

'and total impac't of Plant operation assessed.

Comparison of samples from the different stations will allow assessment of condenser passage damage to species populations in the vicinity of the Plant.

4.1.2.1.4 Visual Observation of the Intake and Discharge Structure Areas Ob ective To provide firsthand knpwledge of physical and ecological conditions as viewed through the eyes of trained divers in the areas about the structures and the ad)acent lake bottom.

+Strickland, J.

D.

H.

and T. R. Parsons (1972).

A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis, Bulletin 167 Second Edition, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 310 p.

<Amen/men).(n. 2II, Unit J

0

S ecification A standard monthly underwater survey during April through October using divers shall be undertaken.

Diving operations will be dependent on favor-able weather conditions.

The diving program shall be undertaken to.provide visual observations of environmental conditions 'as viewed through the eyes of trained divers to complement segments of the general ecological sUrvey.

Five dives are planned each month.

Four of these dives shall be daylight dives; two shall be done in the area of,the intake and discharge structures with the other two daylight dives being in control areas outside the plume.

The intake and discharge locations shall be examined and sampled for algae, periphyton, decaying material, attached macrophytes,'fish, mollusks and crayfish.

In the area about the discharge, indications of bottom scouring shall be observed.

The night dive sha'fl be made in a depth of 30 feet and observations shall be made to compare day and night conditions (in-cluding fish).

The preservation of samples and the laboratory techniques employed shall be the same as those employed for the samples collected on the regular preoperational sampling scheme of the general ecological survey.

Re ortin Re uirement As.specified in Section 5.4.

Basis These dives will permit direct visual observations of the areas most subject to change, should changes occur due to Plant operation, and will supple-ment information obtained in the general ecological survey.

Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

4.1-35 Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

(Section 4. 1.2.2 deleted)

4. 1. 2. 3 Land Mana ement

~0b 'ective The restoration and maintenance programs for all onsite and offsite trans-mission line rights-of-way (ROW) are designed to minimize any adverse im-pact on terrestrial and aquatic biota within the ROM and to preclude use of maintenance and restoration practices that might result in potentially adverse impacts on biota or areas adjacent to the ROM.

S ecification l.

Initial right-of-way preparatjon practices shall minimize soil dis-turbance.

Bare areas shall be sown to grass and native shrub and herbaceous vegetation shall be encouraged, to minimize use of chemical control practices for ROW maintenance.

2.

All herbicides shall be used in conformity with their legal registration.

All local, state, and Federal regulations governing their selection and use shall be complied with.

3.

If the phenoxy herbicides 2,4,5-T or Silvex (2,4,5-TP) are used:

a.

The guaranteed content of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenco-p-dioxin (TCDD) shall be less than O. 1 ppm.

Amendment No. 26, Unit 'l Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

b.

No application closer than 100 feet to homes, bodies of water, recreation

areas, or any area where there is significant likelihood of human exposure, unless authorized by approved:

label instructions.

c.

Only low volatile ester or amine formulations shall be used.

All herbicide applications shall be by selective techniques.

Spray droplets for ground spraying shall be greater than 200 m.

These selective techniques shall not include foliar sprays for non-phenoxy herbicides closer than 50 feet to a body of water.

5.

As soon as the Federal program for certification of professional pesticide applicators is implemented, all herbicide treatment of transmission line rights-of-way sha11 be performed by, or under the immediate supervision of, an individual so certified.

6.

Aerial spraying should not be carried out in winds greater than 5 mph.

Pilot certification should be in accordance with 14 CFR 137.

7.

Violations of this specification sha'll be reported within 30 days as specified in Section 5.4.2. l,and also in the annual Environmental Operating Report as specified in Section 5.4. l.

Basis Transmission line ROM restoration and maintenance programs wi 11 limit

'mpacts on terrestrial and aquatic biota, and areas of human habitation, within and outside of the ROM.

These programs also will result in ROM management procedures which implement updated restrictions on the applica-tion of biocides, and measures to minimize erosion, consistent with safe and reliable transmission of electrical energy.

4. 1.2.4 Statistical Methods for Sam lin and Data Anal sis*

~0b ective Statistical methods and procedures to be utilized for sampling and data analysis are employed to (1) provide a quantitative description of biological, chemical and physical parameters, onsite and in the lake, in the vicinity of the Plant, (2) enable statistical comparison of spatial and/or temporal differences between samples collected from different areas and/or at different times, and (3) establish sampling schedules which will assure recognition of gross changes in biological, chemical and physical conditions in the environment resulting from Plant operation.

1 4

~ ) 37 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

.Amendment No.

8,, Unit2

0

S ecification l.

Quantitative data shall be collected whenever possible.

The licensee shall treat, statistically, both biological and chemical data collected in the environmental surveillance programs; these data must be analyzed to describe the effects of Plant operation on selected biological, physical and chemi-cal parameters in the vicinity of the Plant.

2.

For quantitative description of each area of interest and each time of interest, descriptive statistics shall include, unless

)ustifiably omitted, the mean, standard

error, and 95% confidence, interval for the mean, and in each case the sample size shall be clearly indicated. If diversity indices are used to describe a collection of lake or terrestrial organisms, the specific diversity indices utilized shall be stated.

3.

The general statistical procedure for spatial and/or temporal comparisons is "anal sis of variance," which shall be used unless it is shown to te inappropriate and suitably replaceable in a, given data analysis situation.

When appropriate, more than one environmental factor shall be analyzed simultaneously (i.e.-,

a "Factorial ex erimental desi n" will be employed),

and factor interactions shal'1 be considered for ecological integpretation.

Following analysis of variance, the use of multi le com arison testing shall be engaged in where appropriate.

In employing analysis of variance procedures, the use of data transformations shall routinely be considered in order to achieve improvement iri satisfying the underlying statistical assumptions, If such assumptions can not be approximated by such'onsiderations, then the use of non arametric anal sis of variance shall be considered as a last resort.

4.

The amount of sample replication shall be determined by statis-tical criteria, unless otherwise approved by the regulatory staff.

For spatial and temporal comparisons of each biological and chemical lake var'iable, it is to be estimated, where possible statistically,,the magnitude of true difference which is detectable by the statistical procedure to be used (e.g.,

by analysi's of variance).

Unless otherwise )ustified, all statistical considerations shall take place at the 5% level of significance, using sufficient replication to achieve statistical power of at least 95%.

tVP 4.1-38 Amendment No. 26,,Unit 1

Amen)ment Ho.

8, Unit 2 I

I

\\

Basis The use of standard statistical procedures, in analyses of data collected in the preoperational and operational monitoring programs for the Cook Plant, will permit obgective conclusions to be drawn respecting actual differences in environmental conditions over time arid space and will provide a strong quantitive description of biological, physical and chemical parameters studied.

Replication of data is employed to ensure the applicability of statistical estimation and analysis.

• Underlined terms and procedures are found in biostatistics books, for example.')

Zar, J.

H. 1974. 'iostatistical Analysis.

Prentice-Hall Inc.

2)

Sokal, R. R.,

and Fs J, Rohlfs 1969.

Biometry.

W. H. Freeman Co.

3)

Snedecor, G. W., and W., G. Cochran.

1967.

Statistical Methods'.

Iowa State Univ. Press.

4)

Steel, R.

G. D. ~

and J.

H. Torrie.

1960.

Principles and Procedures of Statistics, McGraw-Hill.

4.1-39 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8. Unit 2

li qt'

TABLE 4.2-1 (Continued)

RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM DONALD C.

COOK NUCLEAR PLANT-Sam le e

No. Stations Collection Analysis F~re uenc F~re uenc Type A~nal ala Remarks Aquatic Organisms or Vegetation (as available) 2/year

2/year Gama Spectral Sr-87, Sr-90 Milk 4M Monthly Monthly Monthly Gama Spectral Sr-89, Sr-90 Sediment 2/year 2/year Gama'pectral

'Sr-89, Sr-90 TLD Quarte"-ly Quarterly

= Total Dose

• -=-

Human Food Crops Annually Annually

-Gamma =Spectral,

=.

RR OQ

~

~

ae rt c+

"" The four indicator statio..s shall be w th'n 5 miles of the Plant. If fewer than four locations meeting this requirement are available, the number of indicator stations may be reduced.

'-The three background stations shall be between 5 and 20 miles of the Plant. If fewer than three locations meeting this requ rement are available, the number of background stations may be reduced.

At least one background station shall be establ shed within 50 miles of the Plant, if available.

f.

Number of times intake screens are cleaned between sampling intervals.

g.

The distance from shore and depth 'from which the water is withdrawn.

2.

Fish collection data shall include:

a ~

Number of eggs and fish larvae, expressed as number per cubic meter of intake water, for each species collected.

Size of eggs and fish larvae shall be measured from all samples except subsampling will be used when catches are in excess of 100 per sample.

b.

Numbers and, if possible, species determinations for all eggs collected.

'c.

Volume of water sampled.

d.

Number, total length, and weight of all juvenile and adult fish for each species collected.

e.

Sex and breeding conditipn for representative sample of each species collected.

The number of dead fish in the vicinity of the trash racks shall be rioted once each month using visual estimation techniques.

Dead fish should be removed from this area at the beginning of the sampling period.

II g.

b M~ii

~Pi f i i d

in the intake water when sampling for fish eggs and larvae quantified as above.

B.

Radioactive Effluent Release Re ort A report on the radioactive discharges released from the site during the previous 6 months of operatiqn shall be submitted to the Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to the Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation) within 60 days after January 1 and July 1 of each year.

The report shall include a summary of the quantities of radio-active effluents released as outlined in Regulatory Guide 1.21, with data summarized on a quarterly basis following the format of Appendix B

thereof.

The report shall include a summary of the meterological conditions con-current with the release of gaseous effluents during each quarter as outlined in Regulatory Guide'1

~ 21, with data summar'ized on a quarterly basis following the format of Appendix B thereof.

Calculated offsite does to humans resulting frog the release of effluents and their sub-sequent dispersion in the atmosphere shall be reported in accordance with Regulatory Guide 1.21.

. 5.4-2 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

4 tt 4

a.

Gases l.

quarterly sums of total curies of.fission and activation gases released.

2.

3.

Average release rates (pCi/sec) of fission and activation, gases for the quarterly periods covered by the report.

Percent of technical specification limit for release of fission and activation gases.

Tnis should be, calculated in accordance with technical specification limits.

4.

quarterly sums of total curies for each of the radionuclides determined to be released based on analyses of fission and activation gases.

The data should be..categorized by (1) elevated

releases, batch and continuous modes,'nd (2) ground level releases; batch-and continuous modes.

5'.4-2a

~]

Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

Y,

4.

5.

Total body doses to individuals and populations in unrestricted areas from direct radiation from the facility.

I, Total body doses to the population and average doses to individuals in the population from all receiving-water-related pathways.

6.

Total body doses to the population and average doses to individuals in the population gaseous effluents to a distance of 50 miles from the site.

If a significantly large population area is located just beyond 50 miles from the site, the dose to this population group should be considered.

1.

Meteorolo ical Data The report should include the cumulative joint frequency distribution of wind speed, wind direction, and atmospheric stability for the stability for the quarterly periods.

Similar data should be reported separately for the meteorological conditions during batch releases.

Monthly reports on fish impingment (Section 4.1.2.1.2) shall be submitted to the Office of Nuclear Reactoj Regulation.

I I I

5.4-'6 Amendment. No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

a-g l

I l~

4 5.4. 2 NONROUTINE REPORTS p

p 5,4.2.1 Abnormal Environmental Occurs ence a(A~EO W

'n the event of an AEO as defined in Section:1.

1 a report shall be submitted under one of the, report schedules describe(l'b61<Iw.'orted within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> by telephone; telog>aph, or facsimile t)'ans-mission to the Director of the HftC'ahgiollIll Ofhce and within 10 days by a written report to the Director. of ~the'.Regional NRC Office (with

=

a copy to the Director', Office ot Niiclea)'fteactor Regulation.

Jl p

! t 4

pppp l !'p ll "p

reported within 30 days by a written:repoit to the Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to-.the Director,P Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation).

I The reporting schedule for reports'cor>ce> n'ing limiting conditions for operation and report levels are specified in the technical specifications.

Reports concerning unusual ol important AEO's shall be reported on the prompt schedule;

'The significanPce of an unusual or apparently important event with-regard to environmental impact

~

may not be obvious or fully appreciated-at the time of occurrence.

In such cases, the NRC shall be informed promptly of changes in the licensee's assessment of the significance of the event and a cor-

.rected report shallfbe 'submitted as expeditiously as possible.

The written report, and to the extent possible the preliminary telephonPe and telegraph report, shall:

(a) describe;.

analyze and evaluate the

AEO, including extent and magnitude of the impact, (b) describe the cause of the AEO, and (c) indicate. the conrective action (including any signifi-cant changes made in procedures) taken 'to preclude repetition of the AEO and to prevent similar AEO's involving similar components or systems.

5. 4. 2. 2 Chan<hes Mhen a change to the Plant design, to the Plant operation, or to the procedures described in Section 5.3 is'lanned which involves an environ-mental matter or question not previously reviewed and evaluated by. th'

NRC, a report on the change shall be'ade to the Office of Nuclear. Reactor Regulation prior to implementation.

The report shall include a descrip-tion and evaluation of the change.

Changes or additions to permits and certificates required by Federal,

state, local and regional authorities for the protection of the environ-ment shall be reported.

Mhen the required changes are submitted to the 5.4-7 Amendment No. 26, Unit 1

Amendment No.

8, Unit 2

, '