ML093080010

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Engineering Report ER-ESP-001, Revision 2, Generic Letter 2004-02 Supplemental Response, Attachment E, Page 23 of 49 Through Attachment F
ML093080010
Person / Time
Site: Comanche Peak  Luminant icon.png
Issue date: 10/13/2009
From:
Luminant Generation Co, Luminant Power
To:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
CP-200901403, ENR-2007-002743-20-02, GL-04-002, TXX-09128 ER-ESP-001, Rev 2
Download: ML093080010 (51)
v • d • e


Text

Attachment E Attachment Page 23 of 49 3.e.1 Plan view of Comanche Figure 3.e.1-1 upper containment Comanche Peak upper CAD model containment CAD ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Attachment Page 24 of 49 of49 Figure 3.e.1-2 3.e. 1 Isometric Isometric view of area outside secondary shield wall ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Attachment Page 25 of 49 Figure 3.e.1 Cross-section Cross-section View 1 of containment building containment building ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment EE Page 26 of 49 Figure 3.e.1 Cross-section View 2 of containment building building ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 27 of 49 Figure 3.e.1-5 3.e.1 Plan view of Comanche containment CAD model Comanche Peak lower containment ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 28 of 49 Figure 3.e.1 Southwest isometric view of Comanche Comanche Peak lower containment containment CAD CAD model ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 29 of49 of 49 Figure 3.e.1 Close-up of sumps (outside secondary secondary shield wall) wall)

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 30 of 49 LOOPS 1 & 4 LOOPS 2 & 3 Isometric view of grating in ReS Figure 3.e.1.1 Isometric RCS loop rooms rooms ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 31 of 49 Z110ft '110 ft2 2

534 ft 2 ft2 382 ft 2 ft2 2

538 ft2 ft 538 538 ft2 538 ft2 3.e. 1.1 ReS Figure 3.e.1.1-2 RCS loop room areas areas ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR -2007 -0027 43-20-02

Attachment E Attachment Page 32 of 49 2

95ft 95 ftl Coverage 86% Coverage ft2 450 ft2 84% Coverage 345 ft22 345 ft 90% Coverage Cove rage 1

2 2 ft 468 fll 465 ft 465 ft2 87%

87% Cove rag e Coverage 86%

86% Cove rag e Coverage Figure 3.e.1.1 ReS RCS loop room grated areas areas ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 33 of 49 330[49 bris Size Blowdown Washdown Pool Fill ReCFD CFD E Fraction of Debris

  • , Slowdown Washdown . Recirculation CFD Fraction of DebriS]

De Debris Size Transport Transport Transport Recirculation Erosion Erosion at Sump Transport Transport at Sump Transport Transport 0,00 0.00 Retained on 1.00 1.00 0.039 0.039 Structures Structures Transport Transport 0.27 0.27 0.00 0.00 Sediment Washed Down Down to 0.73 0.73 RCS Loop Loop Bays Bays Sediment Upper RCS 1.00 1.00 Upper 1.00 0.095 0.095 Containment Containment i Transport 0.65 Washed Down to Washed Down to 0.00 Annulus 0.00 Sediment

. Annulus Sediment 1.00 0.012 0.012

~~

0.08 Transport 0.08 0.20 0.20 " Washed Down Down to

! Refueling Canal I 0.00 Sedmen Fines [ .

Re~ueling Canal Sediment Sediment 1.00 1.00 0.036 0.036 0.07 Transport Transport

[  ! ~Active A 0.67P0.67 At" C Ive P Pool 00 00 J

I 0.00 0.1 . Sediment I 0.27 0.27 I S 0.18 0.18 0.010 0.010 Lower Lower Sump Strainers Strainers Containment Containment II 0.15 0.15 Inactive Inactive Cavities Cavities 0.01 0.000 Erodes to Fines Erodes Fines LDFG LDFG 0.10 0.10 Debris Debris Generation Generation Retained Retained on Structures Structures I RemainsJntact 0.99 Remains~intact 1.00 0.080 0,080 0.17 I Transport Transport 0.10 0R10 0.000 0.000 Washed Down Down to 0.00 Erodes Erodes to Fines Fines RCS RCS Loop BaysBays I 0.00 I 0.59 Sediment Upper 1 0 I 0.90i0n90 Remains intact 037 Remains intact Containment 1.00 0.307 0.65 1 Transport 0.10 0,000 0.65 Washed Down to] I Transport 0.00=

0.10 Erodes to Fines 0.000 Washed Down to Erodes to Fines Annulus Annulus I 0.00 Sediment I 0,90 Sediment I 0.90 Remains intact Remains intact 0.80 1.00 100 00.038 038 Small 1 00 .

Transport Pieces Pieces Washed 0.08 0.08 I Transport . 0.10 0.10 0.000 0.000 Washed Down to I j Erodes to Fines Erodes Fines Figure 3.e.1.1 Refueling Refueling Canal 0.00 0.00 Sediment I 0.90 0.90 Remains intact Remains intact Combined fiberglass Combined fiberglass 1.00 1.00 0.279 0.279 Transport logic trees with 0.85 Active Pool Active Pool i Erodes 0.10 Erodes to Fines Fines 0.000 I 0.00 0.00 I existing transport 0.41 .

I 0.00 Sediment Sediment 0.90 Remains intact Remains 0,000 0.000

.1 fractions fractions Lower Containment Containment 1 Sump Strainers Strainers 0.15Pool = 0.896 Total =

Inactive -

. Inactive Pool ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Attachment E Page 34 of of49 49 Debri BlowdowneBowdownWashdown Washdown PoFill Pool Fill CFD CFD i Fraction Fraction of of Debris Debris Debris Size Transport Transport Transport Transport D Recirculation Transport Transport Erosion i :atat Sump Sump 0.30 Retained on Retained 1.00 1.00 0.028 Structures Structures Transport I Washed 0.19 0.19 Washed Down to to Sdm0.00 0.73 Sediment 1.00 Loop Bays RCS Loop Upper (0.27'0.70)

(0.27-0.70) 1.00 1.00 0.067 Containment Containment Transport 0.46 0.46 I Washed Down Down to Annulus I 0.00 0.00 Sediment Sediment 1.00

!I (0.65-0.70)

(0.65"0.70) 1.00 0.009 0.06 0.06 Transport I

0.20 0.20 Washed Down to 0.00 Fines Fines Refueling Canal I 0.00 Sediment Sediment (0.OS"0.70)

(0.08-0.70) 1.00 1.00 0,036 0.67 [ Transport Active Pool . 0.00 Sediment 0.27 I 0.1S 0.18 0.010 0.010 Lower Lower Sump Strainers Strainers Containment I 0.15 0.15 Inactive Cavities Cavities 0.00 0.000 0.000 SErodes to Fines Erodes to Fines LDFG LDFG Debris Debris 0.30 0.30 Retained on I 1.00 1.00 Generation Generation Structures Structures Remains intact Remains 1.00 1.00 0.057 Transport 0.12 0.12 I Transport 0.10 0.000 0.000 Washed Down Washed Down to 0.00 Erodes to Fines Fines RCS Loop Loop Bays I 0.00 Sediment I

0.59 0.59 Sediment Upper Upper (0.17'0.70)

(0.17-0.70) i 0.90 Remains intact intact Containment 1.00 1.00 0.217 0.217 Transport 0.46 Transport 0.10 0.000 0.000 Washed Washed Down to 0.00 Erodes to Fines Fines Annulus I 0.00 Sediment Sediment 0.90

- (0.65"0.70)

(0.65-0.70)

Remains intact intact O.SO 0.80 1.00 1.00 0.028 Small 0.06 Transport 0.10 0.000 Pieces 0.06 I Transport 0.10 0.000 Figure 3.e.1.1 I I

Washed Down Washed Refueling Refuelin Down to to g Canal I 0.00 0.00 Sediment 1Erodes Erodes to Fines to Fines Sediment (0.OS"0.70)

(0.08-0.70) 0.90 Combined fiberglass Combined fiberglass 1.00 1.00 Remains Remains intact 0.279 0,279 logic trees with 0.S5 0.85 Active Pool Active Transport Transport 0.10 Erodes to Fines Fines 0.000 0.00 alternate BWROG alternate BWROG 0.00 Sediment 0.90 0.90 Remains Remains intact intact 0.000 washdown washdown transport 0.41 Lower 0.00 0.00 Sump Strainers Strainers 0.000 Containment Total = 0.731 0.731 fractions fractions 0.15 0.15 Inactive Pool Inactive ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 35 of 49 for Initial distribution for small and large piece piece debris not blown to to containment upper containment S,932 tr 5,932 fte Figure 3.e. 1.1 Distribution of small and large 3.e.1.1-7 large piece debris not blown to upper containment containment ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 36 of 49 Initial distribution distribution for small and large smnal large piece debris not blown to debris to upper containment upper containment 2

3,644 ft2 "t

Figure 3.e.1.1-8 3.e.1.1 Distribution of small and large large piece debris not blown to upper containment containment ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 37 of49 of 49 Inltl aI dlstrlbutl Initial on for distribution for washed down debris washed down Initial

'ridal outside secondary distribution for shield 6,367 wall shieldwaJl t

debns washed debris washed 6,367 ft2 down refueling refueling canal drains drains Initial distribution distribution fOf" for debris washed down down RC$ loop bays Inside ReS bays 2,311 Wft2 Figure 3.e. 1.1 Distribution 3.e.1.1-9 Distribution of debris washed down from upper containment containment ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR -2007 -0027 43-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 38 of 49 of49 Figure 3.e.1.2-1 Northwest isometric 3.e.1.2-1 Northwest isometric view lower containment CAD model ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007 -0027 43-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 39 of 49 of49 Case 2: Loop 2 Break Case 3 : Loop 3 ~ Case 6: MSLB in 6 : MSLB In Break Cooling Unit Area

,,Coolina Case 8:

Letdown Line Break Case 4b: Loop 4 Cold Leg Break r Case 1lb: b: Loop 1I I

. Cold Leg Break Case 4a:

4a: Loop 4' 4 Crossover Leg Crossover Legg Break Case 4c 4c:: Loop Loop 4 Case 1la: a: Loop 1I Hot Leg Break Crossover Leg Leg Break 4d:: Loop 4 Case 4d Surge Line Break Case 1 c: Loop 1 Case9: FWLB Hot Leg Break in Loop4 4 1 Case 77:: SG Case 5:

5 : MSLB in Blowdown Line Blowdown Line Penetration Penetration Area Break Break Figure 3.e.1.2-2 3.e.1.2-2 Postulated Break Locations Locations ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 40 of49 of 49 Modeled Modeled Perimeter Region 2 Spray ralnage Case2: Modeled Break Location Modeled Perimeter A Modeled Region 1 Spray "

Drainage /;~

Modeled Equipment Modeled Equipment Modeled Perimeter Region 3 Spray Drainage Drain Spray Drainage Drainage Modeled Modeled East 6"G" / /

Orai /,2 $..

Refueling Canal Drai "'='--\'r Modeled SE Stair Spray Drainage

//

fi Modeled 4" Refueling ll-J.--i----1=~:u Modeled Canal Drains Drains Modeled WestV6" Modeled West6" I;---f--H_' Modeled H2 Vent Refueling Drair4\ Spray Flow Refueling Canal Orai Modeled Drain Modeled Floor Drain Spray Drainage Drainage Modeled Region 0 Spray Flow Case 4: Modeled Break Break \1\

Location Modeled Sm ri Sump Modeled SumpModeed umpModeled Modeled Sump Train B Train Train AA Modeled Region D Modeled Region 0 Modeled Hydrogen Hydrogen Spray Flow Spray Flow on on Sump Sum p Vent Flow on Sump VentFlow Train A Train A Train B Figure 3.e.1.2-3 3.e.1.2-3 Diagram of significant significant features modeled ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 41 of 49 levels Figure 3.e.1.2-4 Illustration of distinct floor levels ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 42 of 49 of49 Refueling cavity drains drains Equipment hatch

,, Equipment L drain area area Inactive sump Inactive sump Figure 3.e.1.2-5 Streamlines Streamlines showing water origination origination areas for each sump (Loop 4 LBLOCA, two trains)

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E 43 of 49 Page 430[49 Velocity (ft/s)

(ift/s)

  • 1.00 1.00 0 .75 0.75 0 .50 0.50 0.25 0.25 LOJ00 0 .00 UOII_Vi!ctors_over_combined bmp 200i* 10*~ 5 CPSES C as~ 4*EF Figure 3.e.1.2-6 Vectors showing pool flow direction direction (Loop 4 LBLOCA LBLOCA Single Train Sump A)

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 44 of49 of 49 unit_vectors_over_combined.bmp 2007-1 O-::~3 CPSES Case 4-EF-6 Figure Figure 3.e.1.2-7 3.e.1.2-7 Loop 4 LBLOCA Single Train Sump B B

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment Attachment E Page 45 of 49 uniCvectors_over_combined .b mp 2007-10-25 CPSES Ca se 4-EF

/

Figure Figure 3.e.1.2-8 Loop 4 LBLOCA Single Train Sump A A

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment EE Page 46 of49 of 49 North Approach 1 to 30 Figure 3.f-1 Cutting Planes for Test Flume Flume Modeling Modeling ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Page 47 of 49

(

Sump A South pproach Planes 1 to 1

Plane 21 Figure 3.f-2 3.f-2 Cutting Planes for Test Flume Modeling Modeling ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment E Attachment Page 48 of 49 3.f-3 Prepared Figure 3.f-3 Prepared Large LDFG (Nukon) - Dry ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

r Attachment Attachment E Page 49 of 49 L

3.f-4 Prepared Large LDFG (Nukon)

Figure 3.f-4 (Nukon) - Wet ENIR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 1 of 24

        • --**-----..1

\.  !

i i* NRC Public Meeting Meeting I ,

i I 7/9/2009 7/9/2009 IL _ I 7-

/

L, J

I

/*J; ALDEN*'* .

." Solving flow protllerris since 1894 -. . - _.. _ .. _ - . __ - _ _ .' _ - -.- ..

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 2 of 24 Recla~p

  • Turbulence

" Turbulence and flow are related related

- Literature treats suspension in terms of shear Literature shear velocity

'0

- Literature-would Literature indicate that at most pieces would indicate pieces smaller than 1"x1" 1"x1" could transport. All could All others cannot.

r----- "-~-----l Experimental values for TKE required

- Experimental suspension are much required for suspension I

j. ," I t

_ higher-than J

analytical values.

higher-than analytical

! of~i * -- 1'." TKE comparison between TKE comparison between flume and containment containment i

I Containment point sources

- Containment sources of turbulence higher turbulence lead to higher

~/..-'~

/1' .. i levels of TKE in containment containment vs.flume vs. flume t I' ("\ .. ,' \.

. /

- Containment Containment TKE levels levelS were reported on the flume flume approach, not the prototypical prototypical approach approach path.

Turbulent kinetic energy

- Turbulent energy levels are low relative to what can expected to affect transport.

reasonably expected reasonably

  • 0 Random Random velocity fluctuations are small relative to mean.

ALDEN . - . -, - - - - - ---~ ':'." "- - , , , , ' ,

_ " -Solvin!fflow problems since 1894' -- . -~ .. -" - _ - _ =- > .-., __ . "," -. ," -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 3 of 24 Containment Turbulent Kinetic Energy Containment Operation (A)

One Train Operation Above Floor 3 ft Above Floor Start of Approach Start Approach Start of Approach FLUME FLUME FLUME FLUME APPROACH #2 APPROACH #1 2 2 TKE (ft (ft2/s2

/s X 0.050 0.050 End of Approach Approach 00.040

.040 00.030

.030 0.020 i0.010 0.010 0.000 0.000 End of Approach ~ 44 ft diameter diameter circles circles

~ centered on array array of strainers.

ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007 -002743 02

Attachment F Page 4 of4 Prototypical single strainer approach approac

  • 1 Look at four approaches strainers approaches to central strainers ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 5 of 24 Turbulence Approach Turbulence Approach TKE

  • Typical approach turbulence turbulence velocity is slightly lower lower 00.16

.16 xx 0.14

  • E Single Single Train Sump A 0.12
    • Single Train Sump A VI

~ X Flume (effective)

(effective) a: 0.1 0.1 cc

'0 Qj 0

  • ****_._* . . ..*-.W- r

- ..... . .. . . X x

... 00.08

> .08

.0 "3

.c

~

c:

CII

~

I 0.06 II -

-W * ** . U

.~

  • Ex.x
  • 0.04 XXX XXxXXXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 0.02 o0i o0 5 10 15 15 20 20 25 25 1-ft increments back from Strainer Module / Test Strainer Strainer ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743 02

Attachment F Page 6 of 24 Typical ApproachApproach Velocity

  • Flume approach approach is VERY conservative conservative relative to containment containment 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 1111111100

- u cu 0.5 0.5 ~o::-----I---l -- Flume "rnI n Approach rnnr Velocity p~ fr r +II~r I

en IA

........ 0.4 0.4 1 - -- - - - --1 - S-Single Single Train Sump AApproach A Approach Avg

-*u....

~

-M 0

0.3 0.3 ,w i

.2 cu

> 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0

0 5 10 10 15 15 20 25 25 Distance (ft)

Distance ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 7 of 24 Conclusiob.ns

    • Flume turbulence turbulence is lower lower C

,;PC Importance is very questionable

- Importance questionable Magnitudes of random velocity fluctuations are low relative to mean

- Magnitudes I i .*

iL. _ . ___________ ...... _ _ _ .JI The key to transport is BULK VELOCITY The 7

-i-

- Flume velocity is DOUBLE relative to typical containment containment r "

approach velocity for singl~/

approach singletrain train sump A operation.

operation.

ALDEN ALDE -- - , "- - ',----".' ," -

__ Solving 'flow problems since 1894 -- - - '~~:" -- : . '- ' __ . -'

ENR-2007-002743 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 02

Attachment F Page 8 of 24 General Overview General Overview

    • Discussion of conservative representation of containment conservative representation containment approach approach velocities in test flume flume
    • Discussion Discussion of relevant physics of turbulence turbulence

- Role of turbulence turbulence in debris suspension

  • 9 NEI04/07 NEI 04/07 I L1 *9 Open Literature Literature
    • Overview of CFD predicted containment containment turbulence turbulence

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ----1i

    • Overview of CFD predicted flume turbulence Overview turbulence
    • Discussion Discussion i

\'

ALDEN - - -- - -~ - -..- _

_ ~ Solving -flow problems since 1894 .. - - -- _ ___ - _- _ ___ _ ____ - _ - - - -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 9 of 24

\.

RAI 1:0 RAI: lO& 11

& 1:1)

  • Are flume flow turbulence turbulence conditions conditions prototypical of conditions prototypical conditions in 1-- --" --, ------1 containment?

containment ?

I, I.

  • Are point sources of turbulence turbulence near near I

I i

I I

modeled areas of containment modeled containment L _,_ ~ __ , ______ ~ _~ ___ JI

-~1 accounted accounted for in the flume flume??

--'./:~Y

, <::e:~

ALDEN ALDE - ,~ -

- Solving

  • Sovn flow flo problems proles since sic 1894 1 - - -, - - - -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 10 of 24

.. . Containment Average Containment Average Approach Velocity

. Representation Representation in Test Flume Flume

. i

  • At each 1 ft increment increment back from each strainer array along approach path to the strainers, calculate the water approach calculate the the weighted weighted averageaverage of the velocity along a vertical plane:

j'--'-- '. ---.--- ..- '-'---1

, I

I

-- The weighted weighted average average at each increment increment is weighted weighted by twice twice the fastest velocity at the increment increment under consideration.

consideration.

- Low velocities velocities in wake regions behind obstacles were ignored ignored C~~'"

L N

. - Only velocity vectors pointing towards the strainer strainer array were were

,t- j'

"~ _... , . '. \. .

considered

- Low velocities velocities in the near wall regions were ignored ignored ALDEN .. * ". _ '. '. '-.'.~' --. . .' ','

. . -Solvin~rtlow problem'i"since 1894 -.. -- -:..- --- "'" . _' .'.'_:' ~ --. '." .' . _ - . ,- . . '"

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page I11 of24 Physics of Turbulence Turbulence Turbulent vs. Laminar Flow

  • Turbulent Turbulent (Re > 2000) VS. vs. Laminar Flow (Re << 2000)

- Re =

Re = URh/v URh/v > > 2000 2000 for for open open channel channel flow flow [1] [1]

    • U U Characteristic Velocity

= Characteristic

  • Rh ==Characteristic Characteristic Length Length Scale =Hydraulic

= Hydraulic Radius Radius

  • v =

=Kinematic Kinematic Viscosity

-. Calculation for Containment Containment and Flume Flume I

L __ .~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._"_ _ _ _ _ .,

Flume Containment Containment Min Max Min Max Max (ft/sec)

Velocity (ft/secl 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 Width (ft)

(ftl 0.3 0.45 - -

Depth Depth (ft)

(ftl 4.17 4.17 Kinematic viscosity (ftJ\2/secl (ftA2/sec) BE-06 8E-06 3E-06 3E-06 Hydraulic Radius (ft)

Hydraulic (ftl I0.21 0.14 v 0.21 4.17 \

Re 7240 13343 556000

.556000 695000

Conclusion:

Flow in Flume is Turbulent

Conclusion:

Turbulent A LDEN _ - __ [1] [1 Flo thog "Flow through opncanls,-,KG.. c rw-il open channels", RaJu, K G.R, McGraw-Hili, 91 1981, ALDE

__ Solving-flow Soligfo proble-ms prblm since 1894 sic 1894 -- -- -- .-. - __ _ __. _::. - ~ . - ': -- .

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 12 of24 Physics of Turbulence Turbulence "Magnitude" of Turbulence Turbulence

  • Turbulence Turbulence Level is a function of Shear Velocity [2]

i L

---*-------1 J !

- By Definition By [2]: U Definition [2]: U*

F¥

= S88 Magnitude of Turbulent Velocity Fluctuation:

Magnitude

    • u' =

u' = u*

u* (2.3

( 2.3 exp exp (-y/h) 0 U

2

(-y/h)) ) for y/h < 0.1 f - Darcy-Weisbach u*-

Darcy-Weisbach friction factor u*- shear velocity 0.1 [3]

  • . u' == u*

u' u* (1.27

( 1.27 exp (-y/h) (-y/h)) ) for y/h => 0.1 [3]

I Where:

i L ___._______ .____ .J u' =

u' = Turbulent Fluctuating Fluctuating Velocity Velocity 1-*-.. .) . u* ==Shear velocity

._-c fc;. '"\

'~ \ =

y = Vertical Vertical Length Scale Scale h == Depth of Flow Flow

    • Note:

-- fcontainment" fcontainment - fflume fflume

- containment = Yflume Ycontainment Y Yflurme hcontainment = hflume and hcontainment hflume

°* Expected Expected flow turbulence turbulence levels in the flume due to flowing flowing water are of the same order as containment containment

. - [2] The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow. Chanson, H., Arnold, 1999.

AALDEN E - _

- - - [3]

[3 ~ezu, I and Azuma, R , 'Turbulence Charactenstics and Interaction betw~en Particles Neu I an Azra R. 'Truec Chrceitc an Ineacto bewe Patce and Fluid in Particle-Laden Open Channel Flows", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,

-Solvingllow*problems since 1894 .- - c _ _ . ~ __ .?ctober~OQ4. . _ _ .' .'

ENR-2007-002743 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 02

Attachment F Page 13 of 24 Role of Turbulence Turbulence in in Suspension

  • 9 Turbulence studies Turbulence studies have shown that the fluid shear velocity is directly related to turbulence turbulence level [3]
    • Onset Onset of of debris debris suspension suspension is expectedexpected to occur when the the magnitude of the turbulent velocity fluctuation is greater greater by 1- .. -. ..---------1 some margin than the settling velocity of the debris as defined I!.,_ .""

. 'I 1

!I by the following expression:

~- >> critical value wo settling velocity Wo --

i WO Wo J f

,__ . _____ ._ - .:~ __ - I N - literature brackets the range of critical values: 0.2 to 2.0 [2]

Open literature

- 0.031 ft/s

',J "

/I .

\

- U*(Flume and Minimum Shear velocity, U*(Flume Containment) =

and Containment) ftls

- Range of settling velocity susceptible susceptible to suspension:

    • Material Material with settling settling velocity < < 0.15 ftlsec ft/sec (c.v. = 0.2)
    • Material Material with settling settling velocity < 0.06 ft/sec (c.v. = 2)
'::'-..J.v"

-;~~~

.-.*;f ALDEN ' ,- -, '., '

" ' ,Solving 'flow problemssi'nce 1894 --, '-. -,.', ..," .. , " " . ...... . .. -," -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 14 of 24 Role of Turbulence Turbulence in Suspension

    • Table 4-2, NEI 04/07 Termninl THmllllll Minimum TKE

- Only loose fibers easily Only easily suspended Density Densit,*

Settling Settling Velocity Velocit~-

Rl'qllil'ed to Required

. Suspend SIl~pelld 10 Debris De-bl"is Category/Type Size (lbIB/C'~)

(Ibinlft3) (fWsec) (ft /sec)2) by turbulence turbulence (wo <O. 15 ft/s)

(w0 <0.15 Ca'('gol~'/Typ(' Size (C,/sl'e) (C':/5('c A. Fibl'ous Insulation A. Fibrous Insulation 6° -  %" xx 1/4" Only 1/4"  %" clump turbulence turbulence

1. Fiberglass Fiberglass - Generic Generic requirements experimentally requirements verified experimentally r-------

I

l (Analytical TKE TKE levelslevels questionable questionable 2. Fiberglass

2. Fibergl~ss -

Nsikon Nukoll 11_ 6" a.

b. 4"
b. 4" a.

II. 2.4

b. 2.4
b. 2.4 a.

II.

b.

0.41 b.O.40 0.41 0.40

a. 0.084 b.
b. 0,080 0.080 1- indicated in SER) as indicated 1" c.c. 2.4 C. 0.011

,c.

c. 1" 2.4 c. 0.15 O.IS c. 0.011

- Experimental value tends much Experimental much d. 1/4"x 1/4"x d. 2.4 d. 0.175 O.liS d. 0.14 0.14 1/4" 1/4" analytical value higher than analytical value clumps Clumps e.1iS

'e 175 e. 0.008

e. 0.008 e. 3E-05 e.

loose

e. loose fibers

\

ALDEN -. - - - :--. - ' . _.

_ ,,' Solvirigllow -problems since 189*:f --'- -~ -- .... ~. '-.- __ ', _~:- ___ . _:: _:.. -. --' . '- - _

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 15 of 24 Containment Turbulent Kinetic Energy Containment Two Train Operation Operation 0.5 ft Above Floor Floor Start of Approach F Start of Approach Start of Approach APPROACH #1 #1 APPROACH #2 APPROACH TKE (ft2/S2) 0 .050 End End of Approach 0 .040 0 .030 0.020 0 .010 0.000 End of

___~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~ 44 ft diameter diameter circles circles Approach

~ centered centered on array array of strainers.

ALDE ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 16 of 24 Containment Containment Turbulent Kinetic Energy Two Train Operation Operation 3 ft Above Floor Floor Start of Approach Start of Approach

' Start of Approach APPROACH APPROACH #1 APPROACH #2 TKE 0.050 I End of Approach 0.040 0 .030 0.020 0.010 0.000 End of Approach ~ 44 ft diameter diameter circles circles

~ centered centered on array of strainers .

strainers.

ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR,-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 17 of 24 Containment Turbulent Containment Turbulent Kinetic Energy One Train Operation (A) 0.5 ft Above Above Floor Start of Approach Start of Approach Start Approach APPROACH #1 APPROACH #1 APPROACH #2 APPROACH gT2 /s2 )

TKE (ft2/s2) , End of Approach End O.OSO 040 0 .040 o 030 0.030 0,o020 0.020 U00108 0.010 0.0:10 End of Approach ~ 44 ft diameter diameter circles

~ centered on array of of strainers.

strainers .

ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002 743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

--- ~---------------------

Attachment F Page 18 of 24 Containment Turbulent Containment Turbulent Kinetic Energy One Train Operation Operation (A) 3 ft Above Above Floor Floor Start of Approach APPROACH APPROACH #2 Start of Approach F Start of Approach APPROACH APPROACH #1 (ft2/s2 ),

TKE (ft2/S2),

  • 00050 0 .050 End of Anoroach End of Approach 0.040 0.040 0.030 0.030 0.020 0.020 0.010 U0.000 0 .000 End of Approach ~ 44 ft diameter diameter circles circles

~ centered on array of strainers..

strainers ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 19 of 24 Turbulent Kinetic Energy Test Flume Turbulent CFD Geometry Module Test Module Curb

/

Inflow Pipe Pipe tALDEN I

Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 20 of 24 I Test Flume Turbulent Test Flume Kinetic Energy Turbulent Kinetic Energy 0.5 ft above floor Ii O.Ue.. n  !.l*-, 231e-13 Z.3le-Q3 3A6~'U3 4.52u-13 8.920-03 S.fD31.92e-03 8.08e-03 5.36.-f 9.23111-0l 1.US.-02

  • .lh*,0J8

- -9.230-03

- l.aOe-02 1

    • 3 ft above floor ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 21 of 24 Turbulent Kinetic Energy Turbulent Energy Profiles Profiles

  • Area averaged averaged quantities quantities for planes planes back from sump I/ strainer strainer 0.035000 0 .035000 x

X 0.030000 0.030000 * *E Two Train Sump A 0.025000

      • 3
  • Two Sump B Train Sump Two Train B 0 .025000 mm ** Single Single Train Sump A Train Sump A X Flume N X Flume

< 0.020000 N

'"S0.020000u m

E.

UI

~

0 .015000

  • 0.010000 * *** ** X 0.010000 0.005000 0.005000 xx

!+

XXXXxxx xxxXXx;i(;~)l 0.000000 0.000000 00 5 5 10 10 15 15 20 20 25 25 1-ft increments back back from from Strainer Module Strainer Module I/ Test Strainer Test Strainer ALDEN ALDEN Solving flow problems since 1894 ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 22 of 24 Summary of Comparison Summary Comparison

    • Flume turbulence levels levels on par with Approach Approach #2 strainers
  1. 2 to strainers o in containment containment for both one and two train operation.

C,

    • For For one train operation, turbulence turbulence level in the flume is on the the

-C, order of that in the plant over most of Approach #1.

r---- .

II'

1 ** The flume turbulence level near the test strainer is similar to to r,

  • i I

(",

the higher turbulence turbulence in the field at the upstream end of the the array.

Il _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~. ~_. ___ _

" For areas where flume turbulence

  • . turbulence is lower than containment:

"; r--............ ..

--- C,

! L '\, *

..... :.... \

-- Greatest Greatest part of turbulentturbulent kinetic energy is below estimated estimated required level for suspension suspension of 1" 1" smalls smalls

)

based on settling velocities velocities l..., _ .~ *

< Fines are suspended suspended by both flume and containment containment turbulence levels turbulence levels

/.~)

. ~:~~-2/ .

- Debris>

Debris > 4" is not able to be suspended suspended by eithereither

/,:","")/

- ,,/

,> containment containment or flume turbulence turbulence levels levels ALDEN* . - - ... - - - -. - . - .. -. .

_.Solving-flowproblemssincef894---*~------*-:"~.: .. ~ .______ .. -._~. -_- .. -__ . -- .- ... '--, ..

ENR,-2007-002743 02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 23 of 24 Summary Summary of Comparison Comparison (cont'd)

- Settling velocity is 'proportional

-proportional to the inverse of viscosity

  • Between Between flume (120F) and containment containment (-200F) viscosity is half half

- Effective turbulence turbulence level in the flume is double due to

'IV lower settling velocity in flume flume i--

I II ,.

i

\- -~ --~-.- - -----_. -

J

-~'-

.( :7

. -:::~~~

r' ALDEN -- -

_ _ *Solving flow problems since 1894 - - - -. _ . _- _ . - -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

Attachment F Page 24 of 24 RAI R* *"AI: *R**

t

, ~.

Response,

  • jes'po' n'*s*e*. S~*

f'

_/

,i' f

i

)"

_,.~

Summary "U'*m**

j:

_:/..- .'

i (m'ary(';

. . * . .1 ._

! 1r

.1 1 .-

i J

.. !V i

Y

  • Flume flow conditions are turbulent and are

~ representative representative of flow generated generated turbulence.

~<'

  • Turbulence levels observed Turbulence observed are in general general not sufficient sufficient to keep smalls above 1 1"" suspended suspended in containment containment or r-'-- -..,.---- --1 fl ume.

flume.

)0

! \'

I I,'

  • Near Near strainer turbulence turbulence levels are higher in the flume flume

- -"~,

I . compared to containment i compared containment calculated calculated values.

L. ----;:=l--r=-~_~-~J.

F-> " Point sources sources of turbulence turbulence from jetting located located further J/ ,~:. ~-.., "-,

r /<' -" '" '. away from the strainers strainers are not modeled modeled in the flume.

," ': However, blocking However, blocking of debris by the flow structures structures

'- existing in this area is also not considered.

  • Point sources sources of turbulence are generally generally located outside outside the mean radius of travel modeled in the flume.

ALDEN - - - '- .

.- ,~-- .-- " -~- ~

, -Solving flow problems since fS94 ,-' _~  : ' , - -

ENR-2007-002743-20-02 ENR-2007-002743-20-02

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